2. Its substance and energy spread in an almost infinite space. The evolution of the universe  14 to 15 million years ago the Big Bang was produced  According to this theory, the material that formed the universe was very focused, appearing as a small, very hot area.

3. Big Bang  Particle Formation  Formation of atomic nucleus  Formation of atoms  Formation of galaxies  Solar System Formation

4.  Stars  Galaxies  Comets  Asteroids

5.  Constellations  Star cluster  Cosmic dust

6. The Birth of the Solar System

7. The Solar System consists of the Sun and the astronomical objects bound to it by gravity, all of which formed from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud of gas and dust, approximately 4.6 billion years ago, inside the Milky Way Galaxy

8. The Solar System consists of the Sun and the astronomical objects bound to it by gravity, all of which formed from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud approximately 4.6 billion years ago. The most important objects which rotating around the Sun are the planets:  the terrestrial planets (are primarily composed of rock and metal): Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars  the gas giants (are composed mainly hydrogen and helium): Jupiter and Saturn  the “ice giants” (are composed largely of ices, such as water, ammonia and methane)  the dwarf planets: Pluto, Eris and Ceres

9. THE SOLAR SYSTEM

10. The Sun has a rotational motion, it is realized in 25 terrestrial days at the Equator and 35 terrestrial days in polar areas.

11. It consists of two parts: Inside :  Focus most of its mass  The temperature reached 15 million degrees Celsius  Pressure range between 100-200 billion atmospheres  Status of plasma  Thermonuclear reaction occurring, leading to release large amounts of energy in outer space

12. Solar Atmosphere : Photosphere – the inner layer where the Sunspots are formed Chromosphere - medium layer where the solar bumps are formed Solar corona - the outer layer visible during the eclipses of the sun

13.  51% is available at ground level  4% of the energy is directly reflected back in the space by the surface of the earth  26% is reflected outside the planet by clouds and particles which are suspended in the atmosphere  And 19% is absorbed by the gases from the atmosphere and by the water particles from the clouds From the total radiation coming from the Sun:

15. Photosyntesis - is the process of converting light energy to chemical energy and storing it in the bonds of sugar 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ light energy) C6H12O6 + 6O2 Effects of solar energy

16. Exposure to sunlight is an important source of vitamin D. Ultraviolet (UV) rays from sunlight trigger vitamin D synthesis in the skin. Sunscreens with a sun protection factor of 8 or greater will block UV rays that produce vitamin D, but it is still important to use sunscreen whenever sun exposure is longer than 10 to 15 minutes. Effects of solar energy

17. We have always used solar energy as far back as humans have existed on this planet. We know today, that there are multiple uses of solar energy. When we hang laundry outside to dry in the sun, we are using the solar heat to do work, drying our clothes.

18.  Water In many parts of the developing world solar energy is harnessed to pump water in remote areas. Solar energy is also used to power off-grid desalination plants.  Industry Solar energy has been used frequently to power TV and radio repeater stations (automated stations that transmit signals). Because it is renewable, relatively affordable, very reliable and requires little upkeep, it is also used to power lighthouses, buoys and aircraft warning lights on buildings and other structures. Current Uses of Solar Energy

19.  Heat Solar energy can be used to heat residential homes; many people use solar energy to heat their water supply and their swimming pools as well. A photovoltaic cell is installed on the roof to collect solar energy and is used to warm a heat transfer fluid that is used to heat the water itself.  Transportation Increasingly, solar energy is being used to power public transportation vehicles such as buses, trolleys and light-rails. Plans for solar-powered bus shelters are in the works as well. vehicles

20.  Consumer Products Small gadgets that require little energy, such as calculators and watches, often use solar energy. Recreational vehicles and some boating equipment may also run on solar energy.

21. Sources 1. http://asd-www.larc.nasa.gov/erbe/components2.gif http://asd-www.larc.nasa.gov/erbe/components2.gif 2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1AXbpYndGc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1AXbpYndGc 3. http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio104/photosyn.htm http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio104/photosyn.htm