3.  Traditions of a culture.  Gets passed on to people in the future-  Traditions.  Skills.  Knowledge.  Something a culture is known for-  A gift from the past.

4.  Things Greeks are known for-  Architecture  Theater  Epics  Tragedy/Comedy  Scientific Method  Socratic Method  Philosophy  Classification  Hippocratic Oath  Marathon  Olympics  Greek Mythology  Democracy  Trial by Jury

5.  Greek word-  “Power of the people.”  People have right to make decisions-  Leaders.  Law.  Athens-  1 st democracy!  US Government has roots in Athenian Democracy (sort of).

6.  Athens has first democratic constitution-  Set of rules.  How government should run.  Men over 20-  Can participate.  500 names of citizens are drawn-  Every year.  Council of 500.  Run daily business of Athens.

7.  Group of citizens-  Decide if person is innocent or guilty of crime.  Serving on jury is a citizen’s duty-  About 500 jurors for a trial!  Jurors are paid for service.

8.  Long poems of a culture–  Gods.  Heroes.  History.  Most famous author-  Homer.  Iliad  Trojan War  Odyssey  Trojan War hero, Odysseus  17 th -19 th Centuries-  “Classical Education”  Study of Latin & Greek.  Learn Greek by translating-  Iliad & Odyssey.  Students grow up reading stories of Greek Heroes.

10.  Myths-  Stories about gods & goddesses.  Explain events in nature.  12 Major Gods & Goddesses-  Live on Mt. Olympus. Poseidon Hestia Hermes Hera Apollo Artemis Athena Demeter Aphrodite Ares Zeus Hephaestus

13.  King of the gods!  God of air.  Uses thunderbolts as his weapon.  Womanizer–  Marries his own sister.  Son of Cronos & Rhea.  Most powerful. Jupiter is so named because it is so big – it is the “King of Planets”

14.  God of the sea-  And earthquakes  Made horses  Trident is weapon  Amphitrite is his wife  Zeus’ brother.  Son of Cronos & Rhea.  2 nd most powerful. Neptune is named because the blue looks like water

15.  God of the Underworld-  And Wealth.  King of the dead-  He is not Death.  Zeus’ brother-  Son of Cronos & Rhea.  Has helmet-  Makes the wearer invisible.  Persephone (Spring) is his wife.  Not evil-  He is unpitying.  3 rd most powerful. Pluto named as such because it’s supposedly a dark & cold place.

16.  Queen of the gods-  Protector of marriage  Wife/sister of Zeus.  The peacock is her symbol (because of the ever watchful eyes!)  Cows are sacred to her (“ox-eyed” Hera)  Jealous!!! No planet, but there is an asteroid named after her.

17.  God of truth, light, archery, & healing.  Sun god in some myths-  Helios is sun god in other myths.  Son of Zeus & Leto-  Wolves, dolphins, & crows are sacred to him  Has the Oracle of Delphi-  Hera sends python to kill Leto.  Apollo kills python.  Oracle’s name “Pythia.” Apollo asteroids are near-earth asteroids Apollo chasing Daphne

18.  Apollo’s Twin sister-  Goddess of the hunt, wild things, & crossways.  She is the moon goddess sometimes.  As Diana, she is also a goddess of light. The Artemis navigation satellite

19.  Goddess of beauty & love-  Mother of Eros/Cupid  Wife of Hephaestus (Vulcan).  Lover of Ares (Mars)  And other guys.  Born from the foam in the sea caused by an attack of Cronos (Saturn). Venus is so named because it is a beautiful planet and can be easily seen with just the eye The Birth of Venus by Sandro Botticelli

20.  God of War.  Son of Zeus & Hera-  Both hate him.  The Romans glorify him-  Greeks make him out to be a coward!  He has 3 children with Aphrodite-  Twins-  Phobos (panic).  Deimos (fear). Mars and its moons, Phobos & Deimos

21.  Goddess of wisdom & defensive war  Daughter of Zeus & Metis-  Pops out of Zeus’ head.  After he swallows the pregnant Metis.  Carries a shield with Medusa’s head on it. Minerva was a tiny robot designed by the Japanese to land on an asteroid, but got lost in space.

22.  God of fire & the forge.  Son of Zeus & Hera.  Ugly?  Lame-  Is thrown off Mt. Olympus.  Interfering with a fight between Hera & Zeus.  Husband to Aphrodite.

23.  Messenger god-  God of thieves.  Greek trickster figure.  Very fast!!!  Son of Zeus & Maia-  Loves Aphrodite  Greeks believe he guides souls to Hades. Mercury revolves around the sun so fast, it was named for the messenger god. One year is faster than one day on Mercury The Hermes Asteroid

24.  Zeus’ sister-  Oldest of the original gods  Goddess of the hearth & home-  Gives up her spot on Mt. Olympus for Dionysus.  Worshipped daily.  Virgin priestesses serve her-  For 30 year time periods.  Does pretty much nothing in mythology. Asteroid Vesta

25.  God of love.  Son of Ares & Aphrodite.  Often portrayed as a child-  Not always.  Has wings.  Uses a bow & arrow-  cause one to fall in love  Falls in love with Psyche-  Mortal woman.  Mom was jealous of her looks. Eros is a near earth asteroid

26.  Daughter of Cronos & Rhea.  Goddess of vegetation-  Has powers of growth & resurrection.  Her daughter is Persephone. The asteroid Ceres was the first asteroid ever discovered, & is one of the largest (about the size of Texas). It almost became a designated planet

27.  Son of Zeus & Semele  God of wine & happiness.  In some areas of Greece-  His worship was outlawed! The Bacchus asteroid

28.  Most famous hero of ancient times-  Most beloved.  Many stories based on Hercules-  Worshipped in many temples all over Greece.  Courageous & strong.  Endured many hardships.  Deeds are legendary.  After death, ascends to Mount Olympus-  Lives among the gods.  Seen in the sky-  One of our star constellations.

30.  Grow out of festivals-  Dedicated to Dionysus.  Develop into stories that are acted out.  Plays become competitions.  Only male actors-  Women can watch.  Actors wear masks-  Show gender  Age.  Mood.  Theater carved into a hillside.

31.  Types of plays first developed by Greeks.  Tragedy-  Plays about suffering.  Depicts downfall of good person through some fatal error or misjudgment.  Comedy-  Plays with a happy ending.  Doesn’t have to be funny.  Poke fun at certain types of people.

32.  Held in Olympia-  Honor Zeus.  Started by Heracles.  Religious importance-  Ritual sacrifices to Zeus.  Every 4 years–  Begins 776 BC?  Call a truce from war.  Featured mainly athletic events-  Also combat & chariot racing.  Only men-  Married women can’t watch!  Olympians swear not to cheat.  Win an olive wreath.  From olive tree.  Winners are heroes.

35.  Includes-  Running events.  Warrior’s race.  Boxing.  Pentathlon-  Jumping.  Discus.  Javelin.  Foot race.  Wrestling.  Reach zenith in the 6 th & 5 th centuries BC-  Ended 393 AD?  Restarted 1896 AD.

36.  Footrace-  26 miles.  Greeks defeat Persians-  Battle of Marathon.  Stops 1 st Persian invasion.  Pheidippides runs to Athens-  About 26 miles.  Announces the victory.  He reaches Athens-  Cries out, “Nike!!!” (Victory!!!)  Falls over dead!

37.  The art & science of building.  Build temples characterized by proportional designs & use of columns-  Greeks well known for using 3 styles of columns. Corinthian Doric Ionic

39.  Buildings today influenced-  Classical style of Greeks.

43.  Love of wisdom.  Try to figure things out-  Through learning & reasoning.  Lays foundation for most western thought. SocratesPlatoAristotle Socratic MethodPolitical ScienceScience & Logic

45. Teaching through step-by- step questions- Leads student to the truth. Socrates wants people to question & think- For themselves! Imagine that! Athenians are afraid & threatened by his ideas- Socrates is put on trial. Put to death.

46.  Classify living things.  System of grouping plants & animals -  Have similar characteristics.  Binomial nomenclature-  Latin grammar (and others).  Developed by Aristotle.  Helps scientists to handle lots of info.  Still used today!

47. Process used by scientists to study something-  Ask a question.  Do background research.  Construct a hypothesis.  Test hypothesis by doing an experiment.  Analyze data & draw a conclusion.  Communicate your results.

48.  Hippocrates-  “Father of Scientific Medicine.”  Believes disease comes from natural causes, not evil spirits.  A list of rules about practicing medicine.  Doctors today still promise to follow-  Honor their teachers.  Do their best for the sick.  Never give poisons.  Keep the secrets of patients.  Above all, do no harm!

49. Now you are aware of them. Where do YOU see the legacies of the Ancient Greeks?