1. The main purpose of the male reproductive system is to produce sperm, and deliver it to the female reproductive system.  Testes = Male reproductive/sex organs.  Scrotum = The sack in which the testes are held  Vas Deferens and Urethra = The tube that move sperm from the testes to the outside of the male body.  Sperm = is the male sex cell produced in the male sex organ  Penis = also part of the male reproductive system, used to remove urine from the body, and used to deliver sperm into the female for reproductive purposes.  Erection = when the penis, which is made of soft tissue and blood vessels, becomes erect or firm.  Ejaculation = this occurs when sperm are released from the penis after sexual excitement. Ejaculation inside the female allows sperm to swim in and fertilize the female egg.

3. Male Reproductive Problems  Jock Itch – fungal infection of the groin area  Inguinal Hernia – bulging of portion of the intestines or other structure through a weakness of the abdominal wall  Testicular Torsion and Blunt Trauma – Twisting or hitting of the nerves and blood vessels attached to the testes  Undescended Testes – failure of one or both testes to move from the abdomen to the scrotum during fetal development  Prostate Cancer – abnormal division of cells in the prostate, may be hereditary  Testicular Cancer – Abnormal division of cells in the testes, may be hereditary, most commonly detected in males ages 15 - 35

4. Prevent sexually transmitted diseases Prevent Jock Itch (shower and keep clean) Preventing Trauma (getting hit in the genitals) Preventing Hernias (avoid increased pressure in the groin region by not pushing, lifting, or pulling heavy weights) Self examinations for early detection of testicular cancer

5. Female Reproductive System  The main purpose of the female reproductive system is to store eggs and to provide a place to support and nourish a developing human.  Ovaries – Female sex organ they store the eggs and produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone.  Eggs – The female sex cell produced in the female sex organ, the ovaries. A female will have all the eggs that she will ever have in her ovaries when she is born.  Fallopian Tubes – these tubes are used to help transport the egg(s) to the uterus  Uterus – This is where the egg will end up as a place for support if the egg is fertilized, if not it will be excreted.  Vagina – is also part of the female reproductive system, this part connects the outside of the body to the uterus and it receives sperm during reproduction.

7. Menstrual Cycle

8. Female Reproductive Problems  Vaginitis - vaginal infection by fungus, bacteria, or protozoa, may be from STD  Delayed Puberty – late puberty due to anorexia, endocrine problems, excessive weight loss and or over exercise  Menstrual Cramps – cramps due to prostaglandin production during menstruation  Premenstrual Syndrome – mental and physical changes related to menstrual cycle, but not completely understood (PMS)  Toxic Shock Syndrome – poisoning of body from bacterial toxins, often relate to tampon use  Endometriosis – growth of tissue from uterine lining outside the uterus  Cervical Cancer – abnormal division of cells in the cervix; may also be caused by and STD  Missed menstrual cycle – due to being a high intense athlete, dealing with an eating disorder, from taking any hormonal medications

9. Preventing Sexually Transmitted Diseases Preventing Vaginal Irritation (itchy, red rash around the opening of the vagina) Relieving Menstrual Cramps (OTC meds, warm bath, eating a well balanced diet, exercise regularly, reduce caffeine) Prevent Infertility (protect yourself from STDs and endometriosis) Early Detection and Prevention of Breast Cancer using self examinations

10. Pregnancy and Early Development  Life begins with fertilization, or the joining of a sperm and an egg through sexual intercourse.  Fertilization is: 1 sperm + 1 egg = Fertilization  Egg then travels for about 3 days in the fallopian tubes where the cell divided many time creating thousands of cells.  When the egg reaches the uterus, the uterine walls take in the egg, surround it with supportive tissue (the placenta) and allow for it to continue to grow safely.  The egg will eventually be surrounded by a PLACENTA, which forms around the egg and provides nutrients and oxygen to and removes wastes from a developing human.

12. Protection Against Pregnancy  What are some methods that both males and females can use to protect themselves against unwanted pregnancy?  What is one of the biggest concerns with any type of birth control method?  NO PROTECTTION AGAINST STD’s

13. Baby Development  First Trimester (first 3 months) Major time of growth and change 4 th week heart starts to beat, arm and leg buds appear, eyes and brain begin to develop The embyro is about the size of a BB pellet 9 th week the title of fetus is given Brain waves can be detected Bones and muscles are being developed By the end all major body parts have been formed, heart, legs, arms, lungs, eyes, brain Even though the are formed they may not be able to function fully

14. Baby Development Cont.  Second Trimester (months 4 – 6) The mother can feel the fetus move Baby can be identified as a boy or a girl By the end the fetus can recognize sounds and voices Head and facial features become apparent Fingers and toes grow nails A baby born at the end of the 2 nd trimester may be able to survive with medical assistance

15. Baby Development Cont.  Third Trimester (months 7 – 9) The time when the fetus gains the most weight By 8 months most fetuses are about 20 inches long Most organs are complete and can survive on their own The fetus can grasp with their hands By 36 weeks the fetus is almost ready to live outside the mothers body

17. Problems During and After Pregnancy  Fetal Alcohol Syndrome- a set of birth defects that affect a fetus that has been exposed to alcohol during pregnancy  Miscarriage – death of fetus from natural complications before the 20 th week of pregnancy  Ectopic (tubal) pregnancy – implantation of the fertilized egg in the fallopian tube  Gestational Diabetes – diabetes during pregnancy  Premature Birth – early birth due to abnormal uterus, bleeding behind placenta, STD, multiple pregnancy, or other causes  Post Partum Depression – Mother realizes reality of responsibility and becomes extremely depressed  SAFE HAVEN LAW