1. UNIT Future Time Clauses 7 Dreams for the Future

2. Future Dreams 1 I’m going to be an astronaut when I grow up.

3. Future Dreams 2 Before we have a baby, we’ll buy a bigger house.

4. Future Dreams 3 I won’t quit my job until I win the lottery.

5. Future Dreams 4 After we retire, we’re going to travel.

6. Form I’m going to be an astronaut when I grow up. A complex sentence about future time has two clauses: a main clause and a time clause. Main Clause Time Clause

7. Main Clause will TIME CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE after we retire. until he wins the lottery. before we have a baby. travelare going toWe his jobquitwon’tHe a housebuyWe Other information Verb (base form) Will or be + going to Subject The verb in the main clause is often in the future.

8. Time Clause TIME CLAUSEMAIN CLAUSE we are going to travel. he won’t quit his job. we will buy a house. retireweAfter the lotterywinsheUntil a babyhaveweBefore Other information Verb ( present) Subject Time word The verb in the time clause is often in the present.

9. Be Careful! Don’t use will or be going to in the future time clause. X When I save enough money, I’m going to buy a car. When I will save enough money, I’m going to buy a car.

10. Before we have a baby we’ll buy a bigger house., Clause Order 1 Use a comma only when the time clause begins the sentence. I’m going to be an astronaut when I grow up. Time clauses can come at the beginning or end of sentences. Time Clause

11. ,, Clause Order 2 Time Clause (present) Time Clause (present) Time Clause (present) Time Clause (present) Time Clause (present) Time Clause (present) Main Clause (future) Main Clause (future) Main Clause (future) Main Clause (future) Main Clause (future) Main Clause (future) she’ll join the Peace Corps When she finishes school she’ll join the Peace Corps. I won’t get married I won’t get married until I meet the right person. they’ll look for a job As soon as they graduate they’ll look for a job.

12. Time Expressions 1 Introduce the first event When they save money, past now future they’ll buy a new car. when after not... until as soon as

13. Put the verbs in the correct tense. Add commas where necessary. Example: After he (graduate) ___ he (go) ___ to law school. After he graduates, he’ll go to law school. 1. They (own) __ a house by the time they (be) ___ married. 2. She (not/start) __ her own business until she (get) ___ more experience. 3. As soon as he (become) __ manager he (take) __ a vacation. They will own a house by the time they are married. She won’t start her own business until she gets more experience. As soon as he becomes manager, he’s going to take a vacation. Practice 1

14. Time Expressions 2 Introduce the second event Before he gets married, past now future he’ll find a good job. before until by the time

15. Combine the sentences using the time word provided. In each pair, statement A is the first event. Example: A. The children will go to college. B. She will go back to school.[as soon as] As soon as the children go to college, she’ll go back to school. 1.A. You will finish your exams. B. We will (not) celebrate.[until] We won’t celebrate until you finish your exams. 2.A. My brother will buy a new suit. B. He will go on an interview.[before] My brother will buy a new suit before he goes on an interview. 3.A. She will pass the driving test. B. She will borrow the family car.[after] After she passes the driving test, she will borrow the family car. Practice 2

16. Practice 3 Before I attend the University of Florida, I will pass the TOEFL. I will get married after I finish school. I will go to the Maldives after I get married. After I finish this semester, I will have time to have fun. Until I get a new immigrations status, I will continue to study English.

17. What about you? I’m going to continue studying English until I am fluent. While I’m in this class, I will always be on time. When I finish this class, I will take a nap. I’ll stay in this country until I get my degree. As soon as finish my English classes, I will invite my classmates to dinner. I’m not going to return to my country before I finish my education. I’m going to feel a lot better after I take medicine. After I have lunch, I will rest.

18. Practice 4 (as soon as, before, after, until, when, while) While Abdulla is studying in the ELP, he will meet new friends. After Asma finishes the ELP, she will start a Masters program. After grammar class is over, Carmen is going to go to her appointment. When Catalina finishes this class, she will go to sleep. Before Abdulla goes back to his country, he will finish his education. Mohammed will not sleep until his classmates invite him to dinner. After Van finishes the class, she is going to participate in the activity. Chanh is going to talk about himself after someone gives him money. When Hanh Le returns to her country, she’ll open her own business. After Mosa finishes two weeks of class, he will return to his country. When Dalal finishes this class, she is going to pick up her baby. While the teacher is talking, Husain will not take a nap. Before the class begins, Ghannam will prepare for it. After Hamad graduates, he will be a chemical engineer.

19. Practice Anxhelo will start a family after he gets a real job. Khaled will be an engineer when he achieves his IELTS score. After Lucas finishes this class, he will give his presentation.

20. Practice After Tam finishes class today, she will go home immediately. Before Yousef returns to KSA, he will visit New York. When Brandon finishes the English program, he will apply to get into the Marines. Before Carlos plays on the university soccer team, he will train hard Tram will go back to her hometown after she graduates. After Karina gets married, she will travel to Turkey. As soon as Meryem graduates, she will look for a job at Memorial Hospital.