1. BASIC PLUMBING Theory, Repair, & Installation

2. PART ONE Overview & Safety  Objectives for the day

3.  Facts About Plumbing

4.  Why Plumbing Education Is Important

5. Plumbing safety  Physical Hazard- an object that could possibly cause injury, illness, or death through external contact with the body. I.E. defective drain auger, wet floor  Hazardous Material- a substance that could possibly cause injury, illness, or death by entering the body. I.E. Chemicals

6. PPE Personal Protective Equipment  Face  Eyes  Hands  Feet  Skin

7. PART TWO Introduction to Plumbing  Guidelines for the apartment industry Codes OSHA Lock Out/ Tag Out  Working with tools  Major Plumbing Systems Water and Sewer Mains Water supply Lines Types of pipe Drainage and vent system

9. Utility Shut-offs  Types of energy sources that should be locked out and tagged Water pressure Hot water Steam Gas Oil Air pressure Mechanical Electrical

10. PART THREE Unit Systems & Infrastructure Components  Pipes, Tubing, & Fittings  Plumbing system has two parts:  Water delivery (Supply System)  Copper, CPVC, PVC, PEX, Weirsbo  Drainage and Venting  PVC, ABS, Cast Iron, Galvanized  Poly-butylene pipe is no longer used, if (PB) is present in your water supply lines, watch for leaks.  PB is being replaced by another flexible plastic called PE or PEX (cross linked poly-ethylene)

11. Cutting & fitting plastic pipe  PVC is used both water supply and DWV piping. The type and size of piping and fittings for each purpose will be different.  Apartment buildings may have separate water supplies lines, separate meters, appliance lines, and separate DWV lines.  Be sure to use the proper type and size for your repair.  Cut rigid ABS, PVC, or CPVC plastic pipe with a tubing cutter or a hack saw. Make sure cuts are straight for watertight joints.  Make sure rough edges of pipe are sanded down using sandpaper. Do not use a utility knife to smooth down rough edges.

14. VALVES  Valves are used to shut off or regulate the flow liquid within or from a pipe.  Types of valves include Gate Ball Globe Shut off

15. Material Within the Plumbing System  4 different materials Potable water- water fir to drink Waste- liquid disposed, no longer fit for human use Sewage- waste liquid with animal or vegetable matter in it Air- outside air moving through vent lines

16. Components of the Plumbing System  Main supply line  Water meter  Main shut-off valve  Branch line or pipe  Hot water supply line  Cold water supply line  Drain line  Drain trap  Vent line  Sewer line  Waste and vent stack  Cleanout

17. Hot & Cold Water Supply System

18. Basic apartment home plumbing system  Water supply- hot and cold  Drain, Waste, & Vent (DWV) lines Waste water, sewage and air.  Fixtures and Appliances Fixture- sinks, toilets, tubs, and showers Appliances- dishwashers, water heater, clothes washing machine

20. Drain, Waste, & Vent System

21. Dealing With Clogs  Aerators & Showerheads  Tubs  Toilets  Kitchen Sinks  Bath Sinks  Drain Trap  Augering

22. PART FOUR Fixtures & Appliances

23. Lavatories & Sinks  Pop up stopper  Lift rod  Pivot ball  Drain tailpiece  Shut off valve  Water supply line  Drain flange  Overflow  P-trap  Basin  Lip of sink

24. Faucets  Parts of a faucet Spout- direct water into sink Aerator- mixes air and water and screens out particles in the water Body Handles-differentiate hot or cold water Cartridge Ball Compression stem Valve seat tailpiece Packing nut Lock nut Supply nut

25. Types of Faucets  Cartridge faucet –uses a non threaded stem and has ports to control water flow when rotated.  Compression- control water by means of threaded washer fitted stems that move up and down.  Ball type- always single handled, the ball contains inlet ports that align with faucet body ports that allow water to flow.  Ceramic disc- contain a cylinder that houses two mating ceramic discs, one with inlet and outlet ports and one without. These discs slide into and out of alignment with each other to control water flow.

26. Compression Faucet

27. Cartridge Faucet

28. Disc Faucet

29. Ceramic Disc Faucet

30. Ball Valve Faucet

31. Cartridge Faucet

32. Tubs & showers  Parts of tub and shower Hot and cold water supply Supply line shut off valves Spout Diverter valve for sending water to shower Showerhead, arm, escutcheon and piping Waste and overflow assembly  Overflow tube  Waste outlet  Overflow plate  Drain line  Trap

33. Compression Faucet

34. Cartridge Faucet

35. Tub and shower troubleshooting  Replacing tub spout Always try to replace with identical type Don’t strip threaded type Don’t over tighten threaded type Hot water and adjustable pliers will help with the release of a stuck tub spout Other: a pressure balance device adjusts the mixture of hot and cold water during a bath or shower when someone else runs water for another plumbing fixture at the same time

36. Tub Drain cleaning  Try to remove hair buildup with wire or needle nose pliers  Close drain and use combination plunger on overflow to pull debris up for accessibility  Hand auger turned to the right  Last resort chemical drain cleaners

37. Toilets  Parts Ballcock- device that fills the toilet tank and bowl with water. Handle lever assembly Refill tube Flush valve assembly Flapper Seat Tank to bowl bolts Bowl to floor bolts Wax ring Flange Drain Drain trap- prevents sewer gas from entering an apartment

39. Toilet repair  Leaking toilet  Bad wax ring  Loose bowl to floor bolts  Misaligned flange  Leaking toilet tank  Bad gaskets  Loose tank to bowl bolts  Wet on the outside (sweating)  No exhaust fan use  Too hot in bathroom

40. Plugged Toilets  Turn off water supply  Use combination plunger  Closet auger cranked to the right in order to retrieve material  Hand auger again rotating to the right  Removal of toilet

42. Water Heater  Parts Cold water inlet- brings cold water in Dip tube-sends cold water to bottom of tank Hot water outlet- sends hot water into house Upper thermostat- regulates temperature and element Lower thermostat- regulates element Heating element-heats water Tank- holds water Shell-holds tank and insulation Insulation –insulates tank from outside air Drain valve-drains tank T&P valve relieves pressure and prevents explosions

44. Water heater installation  Anytime you are connecting one type of type to a different type of pipe a transition fitting is necessary  To help prevent leaks in fittings use Teflon tape or pipe joint compound (pipe dope)