1. WWI Vocabulary Triple Alliance Triple Entente

2. WWI – Tensions Rising in Europe WWI nationalism  unifies  increases rivalries  (competition for resources and markets)  unrest in Balkans  intense nationalism imperialism  needed colonies  militarism

3. European Alliances By late 19 th century Triple Alliance Triple Entente Growing crisis in Balkans Austria vs. Ottomans Christian heritage governed by Ottoman Turks assassination of Archduke Ferdinand

4. WWI Russia supported Serbia Against Austria-Hungary Pulled in : England France Prussia due to alliances

5. WWI A bloody stalemate  Western Front  Schlieffen Plan trench warfare many new weapons  poison gas  machine gun  tank  submarine  airplane

6. WWI Russia not fully industrialized short on supplies strength in numbers Revolution – Nov. 1917 w/drew from WWI– March 1918

7. WWI—A Global Conflict Alliances expanded Australia & Japan joined the Allies India supplied troops for Britain Ottomans & Bulgarians join Germany Battles expanded Gallipoli Japan in China Pacific Islands African possessions

8. A Global Conflict America joins war unrestricted submarine warfare sinking of Lusitania (128 Americans died) Zimmerman telegram German plan to fund Mexican war w/ US (!)

9. A Global Conflict Total war devoted ALL resources to war rationing propaganda  “Halt the Hun—Buy US War Bonds” women pitch in  increased prestige

10. A Global Conflict Russia withdrew revolution under Lenin – Nov. 1917 truce w/ Germany Troops re-deploy to Western Front 140,000 fresh US troops arrive tipped balance of power Armistice—Nov. 11, 1918

11. A Flawed Peace The Big Four—The Treaty of Versailles Woodrow Wilson  14 Points  Self-determination  League of Nations (rejected by US Congress) Georges Clemenceau (“Tiger”)  Determined to punish Germany David Lloyd George Vittorio Orlando

12. The Treaty of Versailles Results: Huge land losses for Central powers Promoted conflict War-guilt clause Rejected by US Citizens wanted neutrality “A peace built on quicksand.”

13. Causes of WWI Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand Militarism Nationalism Imperialism Alliances

14. Effects of WWI Mass devastation Germany punished, humiliated, & demoralized Inflation/depression/bankrupt countries Huge land loss for Empires/new countries US emerges as world power Millions died