1. By. Gabrielle, Hannah, Sydney, and Mercer

2. A is for-Abolitionists Abolitionists-people who want to end or abolish slavery. Abolitionists-people who want to end or abolish slavery. Among the abolitionists were two sisters who grew up in South Carolina-Angelina and Sarah Grimke. Among the abolitionists were two sisters who grew up in South Carolina-Angelina and Sarah Grimke. Angelina said the abolition of slavery was: “a cause worth dying for.” Angelina said the abolition of slavery was: “a cause worth dying for.”

3. B is for-Bleeding Kansas After the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, many Southerners moved to Kansas. After the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, many Southerners moved to Kansas. They came to vote under popular sovereignty. They came to vote under popular sovereignty. Northerner abolitionists responded by moving to Kansas. Northerner abolitionists responded by moving to Kansas.

4. C is for- Civil War A civil war is a war among people who live in the same country. Before supplies could arrive, Confederate guns fired on the fort on April 12, 1861. The civil war had begun.

5. D is for- Debates The three-hour debates drew crowds as large as 15,000. The three-hour debates drew crowds as large as 15,000. Debates is a public discussions, on political issues Debates is a public discussions, on political issues The two candidates held seven debates. The two candidates held seven debates.

6. E is for- Election of 1860 In the presidential of 1860, Abraham Lincoln ran as the Republican candidate. Stephen Douglas ran as a Democrat. Stephen Douglas ran as a Democrat. Two other candidates also joined the race. Two other candidates also joined the race. Only Lincoln took a stand against slavery in the new Only Lincoln took a stand against slavery in the new territories.

7. F is for- First shots fired In the spring of 1861, Confederate troops seized U.S. Army arsenals in the South. In the spring of 1861, Confederate troops seized U.S. Army arsenals in the South. Fort Sumter, an island arsenal in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina, refused to surrender. Fort Sumter, an island arsenal in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina, refused to surrender. The commander asked the federal government for more supplies and weapons. The commander asked the federal government for more supplies and weapons.

8. G is for-Gettysburg Address In November 1863, Lincoln gave a short speech at Gettysburg to dedicate a cemetery for dead Union soldiers. In November 1863, Lincoln gave a short speech at Gettysburg to dedicate a cemetery for dead Union soldiers. When he finished, the audience was silent. When he finished, the audience was silent. Lincoln thought his speech was a failure. Lincoln thought his speech was a failure.

9. H is for- Harriet Tubman Harriet Tubman, the well-known conductor owned the Underground Railroad, served the Union as a spy, scout, and a nurse. Harriet Tubman, the well-known conductor owned the Underground Railroad, served the Union as a spy, scout, and a nurse.

10. I is for- Immediate Release One abolitionist leader was William Lloyd Garrison of Massachusetts. One abolitionist leader was William Lloyd Garrison of Massachusetts. In 1831 he founded the Liberator, an abolitionist newspaper. In 1831 he founded the Liberator, an abolitionist newspaper. In 1833 Garrison founded the American Anti-Slavery Society. In 1833 Garrison founded the American Anti-Slavery Society.

11. J is for- John Brown‘s Raid For John Brown, there was no compromise on slavery. For John Brown, there was no compromise on slavery. The fierce abolitionist had been a conductor on the Underground Railroad in New York. The fierce abolitionist had been a conductor on the Underground Railroad in New York. He was also involved in the violent events in “Bleeding Kansas.” He was also involved in the violent events in “Bleeding Kansas.”

12. K is for- Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan terrorized African Americans, driving them from their homes. Ku Klux Klan terrorized African Americans, driving them from their homes. They used “night raids” and murder to keep African Americans from voting. They used “night raids” and murder to keep African Americans from voting. African Americans working for whites were often told they would be fired if they voted. African Americans working for whites were often told they would be fired if they voted.

13. L is for- Lincoln is Shot Less than a week, after Lee’s surrender, Lincoln was watching a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C. Less than a week, after Lee’s surrender, Lincoln was watching a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C. Suddenly gunshot rang out. Suddenly gunshot rang out. John Wilkes Booth had shot the president. John Wilkes Booth had shot the president.

14. M is for- Malice Malice is the desire to harm. Malice is the desire to harm. “ With malice toward none, with charity with all.” “ With malice toward none, with charity with all.”

15. N is for-Northerners moved At the same time, many northerners moved to the south to start businesses. At the same time, many northerners moved to the south to start businesses. Southerners often called these northerners “carpetbaggers.” Southerners often called these northerners “carpetbaggers.” Many southerners believed that carpetbaggers were taking advantage of the south’s suffering. Many southerners believed that carpetbaggers were taking advantage of the south’s suffering.

16. O is for- Public Opinion The Emancipation Proclamation changed ideas about the reasons for fighting of the Civil War. The Emancipation Proclamation changed ideas about the reasons for fighting of the Civil War. Now the fighting was about more then Southern Independence or saving the Union. Now the fighting was about more then Southern Independence or saving the Union.

17. P is for- Anaconda Plan Scott ‘s plan to defeat the south. Scott ‘s plan to defeat the south. Without trade, the south would be unable to buy weapons and supplies. Without trade, the south would be unable to buy weapons and supplies. This would divide the south and prevent Confederates from using the river to move supplies. This would divide the south and prevent Confederates from using the river to move supplies.

18. Q is for- Equal Rights The 14 th amendment said that all African Americans had equal rights. The 14 th amendment said that all African Americans had equal rights.

19. R is for- Reconstruction Reconstruction means rebuilding the South. Reconstruction means rebuilding the South. Before his death, Lincoln created a plan for reconstruction, or rebuilding the South. Before his death, Lincoln created a plan for reconstruction, or rebuilding the South. This government programmed was part of Reconstruction. This government programmed was part of Reconstruction. In March 1865, he had signed a bill that created the Freedmen’s Bureau. In March 1865, he had signed a bill that created the Freedmen’s Bureau.

20. S is for-Segregation President Hayes quickly ordered the removal of federal troops, bringing the end to reconstruction. President Hayes quickly ordered the removal of federal troops, bringing the end to reconstruction. After federal troops left, Southern states began a policy called segregation. After federal troops left, Southern states began a policy called segregation. Segregation is the separation people based on race. Segregation is the separation people based on race.

21. T is for-Total War Some historians call the Civil War the first total war. Some historians call the Civil War the first total war. In a total war, each side strikes against the economy system and civilians of the other. In a total war, each side strikes against the economy system and civilians of the other.

22. U is for- USS Monitor The Union built the ironclad USS Monitor. The Union built the ironclad USS Monitor.

23. V is for- CSS Virginia The Confederates built the first ironclad ship, the CSS Virginia. The Confederates built the first ironclad ship, the CSS Virginia.

24. W is for- Head Toward War Between 1820 and 1860, no issue divided the U.S. more than slavery. Between 1820 and 1860, no issue divided the U.S. more than slavery. Some people said slavery was morally wrong. Some people said slavery was morally wrong. Others claimed it was necessary to preserve their way. Others claimed it was necessary to preserve their way.

25. X is for- Experience The north’s generals had more experience.

26. Y is for- New York’s Railroad The fierce abolitionists had been a conductor on the Underground Railroad in New York.

27. Z is for-Realized By 1862 people on both sides realized the war was turning to a long, drawn out conflict.