1. Integrated Pest Management
Understanding IPM

2. Warm Up
What do all these have in common?

3. Essential Question
What is integrated pest management?

4. I P M
Definition: pest management strategy that uses a combination of best management practices (BMP) to reduce pest damage with the least disruption to the environment.
Why?
Over time pests become resistant. IPM is able to adapt over time

6. IPM
To keep pest populations below the economic or aesthetic injury level
the point at which plant losses due to the pests are equal to the cost of control.
Provide: protection against hazards to humans, domestic animals, plants and the environment.

8. IPM Ecologically based pest control strategy Includes natural factors
Climate, Natural enemies of pests

9. IPM Phase 1
Involves pest identification, monitoring, and action thresholds.

10. Action Threshold
The predetermined level at which pest control is needed.
ET= Action
Threshold
Based on $!!

11. IPM Phase 2 Evaluate all possible control methods
If action threshold is met, try out what works until you fix the problem!

12. IPM Option 1: Biological
Ladybird larvae eating wooly apple aphids

13. IPM Option 2: Chemical

14. IPM Option 3: Mechanical

17. IPM use BMPs Best Management Practices (BMP)
practices that combine scientific research with practical knowledge to optimize yields and increase crop quality while maintaining environmental integrity.

18. BMP Help protect sensitive environmental areas.
Examples Currently Used:
Management of surface/subsurface run off
Erosion control
b. Cultural control of pests
c. Soil testing
d. Timing and placement of fertilizers
e. Controlled release fertilizers
f. Irrigation management
g. Biological control of pests
h. Pesticide selection
i. Correct pesticide use

19. Basic Elements IPM A. People—system devisers and pest managers
B. Knowledge and information needed to devise the system and make sound decisions
C. Program for monitoring the ecosystem elements
D. Pest densities at which control methods are put into action
E. Techniques used to manipulate pest populations
F. Agents and materials
G. Scouting: monitor plants regularly to determine current levels of pest activity

20. Vocabulary Action threshold Best management practices (BMPs)
Economic or aesthetic injury level
Integrated pest management (IPM)
Scouting

21. Activities Review Quiz Book work Pg 159 Read Chapter Define vocabulary
Complete Self Eval Questions COMPLETE SENTENCES

22. Copy this for your notes!

23. Integrated Pest Management
Determining Types of Pesticides

24. Warm Up
Which would you eat?

25. Essential Question
What are the major classifications of pesticides?

26. What are the major classifications of pesticides?
Pesticides are the materials used to control pests.
Pests are anything that causes injury or loss to a plant.
natural or man-made.
now often done only when absolutely necessary.
must be done safely to reduce potential injury to people and the environment.

27. Pests Cause Damage! Damage Plant Parts Compete for space and nutrients
Weeds
Reduced quality of harvested product
Contamination
Decreased production crop

28. What are the major classifications of pesticides?
Insecticides are used to control insects, which are a group of animals with an exoskeleton and three body parts.
Killed by body contact, by swallowing, or through the respiratory system.

29. What are the major classifications of pesticides?
Miticides are used to control mites and ticks.
They are usually killed by coming in contact with the chemical.

30. What are the major classifications of pesticides?
Fungicides are used to control fungal disease.
Prevent a plant from becoming infected.
Applied before the disease is present.

31. What are the major classifications of pesticides?
Herbicides are used to kill unwanted plants.
Rodenticides kill rodents, such as rats and mice.
Usually applied as bait.
Eating the chemical poisons the rodents.

32. What are the major classifications of pesticides?
Nematocides kill nematodes, which are tiny hair-like roundworms that feed on the roots of plants.
Usually applied in the form of a fumigant
A substance that produces a smoke, vapor, or gas when applied.

33. What are the major classifications of pesticides?
Molluscicides are used to kill slugs and snails.
Applied as bait, which attracts the slugs and snails and poisons them.

34. Herbicides Herbicides are classified by
selectivity
contact versus translocation
timing
mode of action.
Herbicides are classified as being selective or nonselective.
Selective herbicides act on certain plant species and not others.
Nonselective herbicides kill all vegetation.

35. What are the major classifications of herbicides?
Herbicides may act on contact with plants or be translocated in the plant.
Contact herbicides kill the parts of a plant to which it is applied.
Translocated or systemic herbicides are absorbed by the roots or other plant parts and moved throughout the plant by vascular tissues.

36. What are the major types of herbicides?
Growth Regulators: kill weeds by altering growth or metabolic processes.
Soil sterilant: a compound that prevents the growth of plants in the soil.
most commonly used along ditch banks and fence rows.

37. What are the major classifications of herbicides?
Timing - stage of the crop or weed development.
Preplanting applications are made before the crop is planted to control annual weeds.
Preemergence applications are made before the crop or weeds emerge.
Postemergence applications are completed after the crop or weeds have emerged.

38. What are the major classifications of herbicides?
Mode of action refers to how herbicides kill weeds.
The mode of action- the effect on metabolic processes or enzyme systems that result in a lethal or toxic action in the plant.
Herbicides may have a single mode of action or a multiple mode of action.

39. What are the major classifications of insecticides?
Insecticides are classified by how they enter an insect’s body.
Three general groups
contact, stomach, and respiratory.
Contact insecticide is absorbed through the skin or exterior of an insect.
The chemical must be applied directly on the insect and is normally used with sucking insects.

40. What are the major classifications of insecticides?
Stomach insecticide is effective when eaten.
Applied to the plant parts, which are eaten by the insect.
Most effective on chewing insects.
Respiratory insecticide is an insecticide that enters the respiratory system of the insect.
It is commonly called a fumigant.
Used in enclosed places.

41. Vocabulary Non-selective herbicide Pest Pesticide
Contact herbicide
Contact insecticide
Fumigant
Fungicides
Growth regulators
Herbicides
Insecticides
Insect
Miticides
Molluscicides
Nematocides
Nematodes
Non-selective herbicide
Pest
Pesticide
Respiratory insecticide
Rodenticides
Selective herbicide
Soil sterilant
Stomach insecticide

42. Activities Review Quiz 2 Book Work Unit 18 Unit 19 Unit 20
Complete Self Eval in Complete Sentences

43. Integrated Pest Management
Using Pesticides Safely

44. Warm Up
What is this? What do we use it for? Where do you find this?

45. Essential Question
What are the 4 types of exposure to pesticides?

46. Classification of Pesticides
Toxicity: degree of poison in a material
Amount of active ingredient and chemical nature determines toxicity
Classified into 2 categories
General Use
Restricted Use

47. Measuring Toxicity (oral and dermal)
LD50+ LD= Lethal Dose - amount necessary to case death 50= 50% of test animals are killed at that dose Lower the LD50+ the more poisonous the chemical

48. Measuring Toxicity (inhalation)
LC50+
LC= Lethal Concentration
Measured in milligrams per liter
Lower the LC50+ the more dangerous the chemical

49. General Use Pesticides
Widely used
Just follow the label
Less harmful to the environment
No special training required for use

50. Restricted Use Pesticides
More toxic than General Use
High risk to humans and environment
Must have training to use the poison

51. Types of Pesticide Exposure
Oral Exposure: Through the mouth or digestive system
Wash hands to avoid oral exposure

52. Types of Exposure Dermal Exposure: Through the skin
Severity depends on:
Toxicity, Absorption rate, Size of exposure area, Length of contact time

53. Types of Exposure
Inhalation Exposure: Through nose and respiratory systems
Breathing in vapors, sprays, or dust

54. Types of Exposure Eye Exposure: Through the eye Very sensitive
Wear eye protection!

55. Be Creative! Draw on your own:
Eye Exposure: Eyes are VERY sensitive! Wear protective eyewear !
Be Creative!
Draw on your own:
An advertisement explaining the different exposures and the dangers of pesticide exposure.
Individual assignment on a separate piece of paper.
Please turn in when finished
Oral Exposure:
Through the mouth. Wash your hands after handling pesticides

56. Safety Procedures Pesticides are helpful but can be pollutants
Must follow simple safety practices
Passed Worker Protection Standard
Law that provides a set of rules to help prevent pesticide related injuries

57. Simple Safety Procedures
Only used approved pesticides
Know the pesticide
Applicator must be informed about the chemical by reading labels
Use pesticide with low toxicity
Should only perform its job, not too strong
Use pesticides only when needed
When pests need to be controlled!

58. Simple Safety Procedures
Do not contaminate resources
Never dumped into stream etc.
Wear protective clothing
Rubber gloves, respirators etc
Proper Disposal
Rinse and send to proper waste facility

59. Simple Safety Procedures
8. Apply in good weather
Wind and rain can carry pesticides
9. Use the right equipment
Control spray levels, and keep equipment clean and in working condition
10. Know emergency procedures
What will happen in case of an accident?

60. Vocabulary Applicator Dermal exposure Eye exposure
General-use pesticides
Inhalation exposure
LC50
LD50
Lethal dose
Oral exposure
Restricted-use pesticides
Toxicity
Worker Protection Standard (WPS)

61. Activities
Review Quiz 3

62. Integrated Pest Management
Understanding Pesticide Labels

63. Warm Up
What information can you gather from this yard label?

64. Essential Question
List information you find on a pesticide label?

65. Labels Provide info on active ingredient
Active ingredient is what kills the pest
Steps to understanding your labels
Read (and reread) the label
Before handling the product
Understand the label
May require special training
Follow label directions
Criminal and Civil charges could result from misuse

66. Label Break Down Has 2 sides
Front side contains the following information
Use Classification
General or Restricted
Trade Brand Name
Formulation
Ingredients
Common Name

67. Label Break Down
5.Ingredients Inert : inactive but needed for safety 6. Net Contents Lbs, quarts, gallons, etc 7. Signal Words DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION (based on toxicity level

68. Label Break Down 8. Precautionary Statements
First Aide, Potential hazards, Flammability
9. Establishment Number
Where the product was made
EPA Registration number
Name and Address of manufacturer

69. Label Break Down Back label contains: Hazardous materials Warnings
Directions for use
1. sites which can be treated with the pesticide
2. target pest(s) the product will control
3. amount of chemical to use per acre
4. type of equipment and application methods that can be used
5. proper mixing procedures
6. when the pesticides should be applied
7. reentry limitations
8. guidelines for storage and disposal
9. limitations on its use
Limitation guidelines

70. Reading a Label Activity
Answer the Following Questions about the label:
Is it Restricted or General Use? Define answer
What signal word is used?
What does this tell you about toxicity levels?
What type of pesticide is this? (powder, granular)
What % of the ingredients are inert? What % are active?
Who makes this product? Where are they located?
What is the EPA number of this product?
What precautions/warnings are given concerning the product?
What is the name of the product?
What is the Net contents/weight of the product?
What is the active ingredient?

72. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION
As an applicator (user of the pesticide) you should pay special attention to :
the signal words
precautionary statements
directions.

73. When do you read the label?
Before buying the pesticide
Before mixing the pesticide
Before applying the pesticide
Before storing the pesticide
Before disposing of your pesticide

74. Vocabulary Active ingredient Common name Formulation
General-use pesticide
Inert
Restricted-use pesticide
Signal words
Toxicity
Trade (brand) name

75. Activities
Review Quiz 4

76. Integrated Pest Management
Applying Pesticides

77. Warm Up
What safety precautions are being taken while applying these pesticides? Why do you think these precautions are being taken?

78. Essential Question
What are the types of application areas?

79. Time of Application
Definition: when pesticides are applied relative to the stage of growth of the crop
Three Types
Preplant
Preemergence
Postemergence

80. Applications Preplant Application Preemergence Application
Before the crop is the planted
Seedbed is prepared then pesticide is applied
Preemergence Application
Before the crop has emerged
Broken through the soil
Applied during planting or shortly after
Postemergence Application
Applied after crops are growing and pests are ID-ed

81. Area of Application
Definition: the extent of coverage of a crop or turf.
Areas:
Band Application
Broadcast Application
Directed Application
Spot Application

82. Areas Defined
Band Application: treating narrow strips with pesticides, inches wide, places pesticides close to plants
Broadcast Application: treating an entire area, no area is left untouched by pesticides
Directed Application: treating only selected plants, apply where pests are present, saves $
Spot Application: treating only certain areas within a field or pasture, target high concentrations of pests, protects environment

83. Represent Application Areas
Follow your worksheet.
On a separate piece of paper you can define the different areas of application
This will help you on your test.
Turn in when finished
Don’t forget your name!

84. Calibrating Pesticides
Helps maximize performance!
Definition: setting equipment to meter the exact amount of herbicide needed.
Purpose: insure that the sprayer applies the correct amount of pesticide uniformly over a given area

85. Variables that Effect Calibration
Nozzle Flow Rate: Changes the size of the nozzle tip and nozzle pressure
Larger tip – larger flow rate
To double flow rate, pressure must increase 4x
Ground Speed: rate of travel across the ground
Inversely related to spray application rate
Doubling ground speed decreases application by 1/2
Spray width per nozzle

86. Vocabulary Area of application Band application Broadcast application
Calibration
Directed application
Economic threshold
Emerged
Ground speed
Injury threshold
Postemergence applications
Preemergence applications
Preplant applications
Spot application
Time of application
Vocabulary

87. Activities
Review Quiz 5

88. Integrated Pest Management
Managing Environmental Impact of Pesticides

89. Warm Up Projected Pesticide Run Off
Where is the highest level of run off? Why is this a major environmental problem?

90. Essential Question
What are the main environmental concerns involved with pesticide use?

91. Pesticides A major concern Problem Areas Nontarget Areas Biodegrading
Disposal

92. Non target Areas Area where the pesticide was not intended
A result of drift
movement of a pesticide through the air
Surface Run off
Leaching

93. Biodegrading Ability to be decomposed by biological action
Results in accumulation in groundwater, plants or animals (tissues)
Collect
Pesticides with these characteristics should be avoided if possible

94. Disposal Most destructive Easiest to solve!
Applicator’s responsibility to make sure pesticides are properly disposed of
Where do we find this information!?

95. Pesticide Persistence
Amount of time it takes for a pesticide to biodegrade or break down
More persistent a pesticide= more likely to enter groundwater
Persistence Classifications
Rapid
Accumulative
Persistent

96. Rapid Decomposers Break down quickly
Remain in target area for short time
Little adverse effect on environment
When used properly
Should be first option to use as a pesticide

97. Accumulative Pesticides
Build up in the bodies of
Animals, Humans
Potentially can build to a dangerous level
Harms the organism
Harms the consumer of that organism

98. Persistent Pesticides
Break down slowly
Desirable for long term pest management
Do not react to light, heat, or oxygen
Slightly water-soluble
Do not always accumulate
In organisms

99. Disposal Quick and proper disposal is a MUST
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
for the management of hazardous toxic materials and their containers
illegal to store or dispose of pesticides in ways that would likely harm humans or the environment

100. Disposal Procedures
Based on amounts of pesticides needing to be disposed
Small amounts: like those found in houses, buried in state-approved landfills
Large amounts: considered hazardous waste, disposed by licensed facilities

101. Triple Rinse Method Recommended procedure as follows
1. Drain the container into the spray tank. Hold container upside down for30 seconds.
2. Add water until the container is about ¼ full then close
3. Shake or roll the container to rinse all interior areas; then drain the remaining liquid
4. Repeat the rinse and drain procedure two more times.
5. Puncture plastic or metal triple-rinsed containers to prevent reuse.
6. Crush the container to reduce volume.

102. Activities Review Quiz 6 On the back of your review quiz:
Represent the 3 types of pesticide persistent levels in the form of a graph. Each type should be represented by a different color. Provide a KEY for your graph. Label your graph and both axis.

103. Activities Design a Review Guide Due 1:50
Table 1: Fill in the Blanks
Table 2: Design a Crossword puzzle
Using vocabulary
Table 3: 10 Short Answer Questions
Table 4: 15 Multiple Choice
Make a KEY for your study Guide! Keep your key in your notes!
Test on Friday!!!!!!!