1. Disappointed Hopes Section 17.4
Left: sign says ‘colored waiting room’; right: Malcolm X points finger for emphasis
Section 17.4

2. How did the Civil Rights Movement change in the mid 1960s?
Right: “All Power to the People” lapel button; below: Olympic medalists give Black Power salute in 1968 at Mexico City Games
Divided
SNCC and other groups gave up on passive resistance and turned to violence
Murder of civil rights workers and little progress
“We shall Overrun” replaced “We shall Overcome”
New call was for Black Power!

3. Describe the growth of Black Pride.
Right: A dashiki; left: Black Panthers
“Black is Beautiful”!
Adopted natural “Afro” haircuts
Dashikis (African shirts)
A-A called themselves Black rather than Negro or Colored

4. What was the Black Separatism Movement?
Call for Blacks to have own land in America or in Africa
Supported by Nation of Islam (Black Muslims)
Malcolm X
Prominent spokesman for N.O.I.
Supported using violence to combat white violence
Malcolm softened views on separation after trip to Mecca
Openly disagreed with N.O.I.
Assassinated 2/1965 over clash with N.O.I.
Above: pensive Malcolm X; below: X lies dead

5. Capture: clip shows dramatization of X’s murder
Assassination of Malcolm X
(Warning: may not be suitable for all audiences)
Capture: clip shows dramatization of X’s murder

6. Eulogy for Malcolm X
Capture from clip of X’s actual funeral

7. Who were the Black Panthers?
Militant Black political party
Influenced by Stokely Carmichael’s call for Black power
Used symbol of Black Panther
Used violence as means of self-defense
Frightened and alienated white America
Clockwise from upper right: Stokely Carmichael, Black Power at Olympics, paramilitary Panthers, a black panther as a logo

8. High Tide: How the Movement Split and Weakened
Capture from clip about factions weakening civil rights movement

9. What happened at Watts on August 11, 1965?
Routine police stop in poor section of LA erupted into major riot
over 30 people were killed and over 1, 000 were injured
Reflected the Urban Black frustration from poverty, unemployment, discrimination
4 thousand arrests
1 thousand buildings (businesses) destroyed (mostly white)
1st in series of riots (’65, ’66, ’67)
150 cities (incl. all major ones except Phila.)
Above: black people torch their own LA neighborhood; white businessmen flee ‘

10. What triggered the riots?
Life Magazine cover shows young black looter
Kerner Report
Government investigative committee
Three Reasons:
Frustrated hopes
Encouragement of Violence
Sense of powerlessness
Report said America was becoming more separated

11. Or Does It Explode?
Vivid capture shows raging fire burning out (probably white-owned) business

12. What happened to the Civil Rights Movement in the late 1960s?
Lacked leadership
King was assassinated in Memphis (April 4, 1968)
Came to Memphis, Tn. to support sanitation workers
Shot while on balcony of Lorraine Motel by racist James Earl Ray
Public attention focused on Vietnam
Below:
Assassin of true conviction, James Earl Ray

13. Assassination of Dr. King
Capture shows boat on a river: clip is on MLK assassination