1. Practice Questions

2. Which of the below factors is NOT a primary factor for whether an organism is found on the surface or in the middle of the water column in the ocean
Temperature
Dissolved oxygen
Availability of light
Salinity
Nutrient availability

3. Plants found on the surface of the Sargasso Sea that float and move by the movement of the winds and waves are classified as
Zooplankton
Nekton
Benthos
Decomposers
phytoplankton

4. Which of the following covers the greatest percentage of the earth’s surface?
Grasslands
Deserts
Tropical rainforest
Taiga
oceans

5. Which of the following lake zones is comparable to the coastal zone of the ocean?
The profundal zone
The littoral zone
The limnetic zone
The benthic zone
e. The abyssal zone

7. Primary succession in a terrestrial community is similar to ______ lenthic bodies of water
Oligotrophic
Eutrophic
Limnetic
Benthic
littoral

8. Draw a food chain of an aquatic life zone
Draw a food chain of an aquatic life zone. Include at least three specific types of aquatic organisms.

9. Pollution form which of the following is an example of point source pollution?
A- fertilizers from agricultural fields
B- runoff from Midwestern farms
C- oil spills from leaky pipelines
D- pesticides from farmlands
E- smoke from an industrial plant’s smokestack

10. An example of tragedy of the commons would be
A- grazing cattle on private land
B- emitting sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere
C- harvesting lumber on private land
D- fish in a stock tank
E- gathering fruit from an orchard

11. Which of the materials below is an example of high quality matter?
A- natural gas
B- oil on the ocean floor
C- Nitrogen in the atmosphere
D- recyclable materials in a land fill
E- coal found deep under ground

12. Which organism has a type 1 survivorship curve?
A- a fish
B- a bird
C- insects
D- redwood trees
E- butterflies

13. B- negative feedback loop C- positive feedback loop
The warming of the oceans that causes less carbon dioxide to be soluble in them and ,at the same time, leaves more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere that causes an increased warming of the atmosphere is an example of a
A- paradigm shift
B- negative feedback loop
C- positive feedback loop
D- scientific principle of sustainability
E- natural law

14. Organisms live within a range of tolerance that determines where they live. Which of the conditions below is not a range of tolerance?
A- trout populations live in areas with a low temperatures
B- coral polyps need a symbiotic algae living within them
C- desert cacti thrive in areas with low levels of rain
D- blue crabs in an estuary can tolerate a wide swing of temperature and salinity
E- Royal ferns require moist areas and are only found in wetlands

15. As a country goes thought the demographic transition, the greatest rate of population growth takes place during which phase?
A- preindustrial
B- Pretransitional
C- transitional
D-industrial
E- postindustrial

16. A one hectare pond is sampled in early September
A one hectare pond is sampled in early September. The sample yields 1 small catfish as well as 14 invertebrates that represent 10 species. Which of the following can be estimated from the sample for the invertebrates in the pond?
A- species richness
B-pond productivity
C- species distribution in the pond
D- degree of disturbance
C- stability of the ecosystem

17. Which of the following is the correct order of soil particles in order of increasing size
A- Clay- sand –silt
B-Clay- silt- sand
C- Sand- clay- silt
D-Sand- silt- clay
E- Silt- clay- sand

18. The country of Sudan has an estimated annual growth rate of 2%
The country of Sudan has an estimated annual growth rate of 2%. At this rate of growth, approximately how man years will it take for the population to double?
A- 30 years
B- 35 years
C- 50 years
D- 80 years
E- 140 years

19. Two varieties of peppered moths (a white moth and a black moth) were dominant in the northern British countryside during the early industrial age. Over time, the white lichen on which the moths would sit began to darken due to the effects of air pollution. Gradually, the white color phenotype was removed from the population until the black color phenotype dominated.
 This case study is best an example of .
a. Directional selection
b. Disruptive selection
c. Stabilizing selection
d. Sexual selection
e. Artificial selection

20. The amount of land needed to produce the resources used by the average person in a country is called
a. Sustainable yield
b. Per capita ecological footprint
c. Ecological footprint
d. Per capita gross domestic product
e. An acre of land

21. Which of the following is considered a nonrenewable resource. a
Which of the following is considered a nonrenewable resource? a. Aluminum b. Forests c. Fresh air d. Solar energy e. soil