1. Acknowledgement: The outline for this presentation was developed by:
Implicit Bias
Acknowledgement: The outline for this presentation was developed by:

2. Starr Rayford Leslie Richards-Yellen

3. Definition
Implicit: means that we are either unaware or mistaken about the source of the thought or feeling.

4. Warning: You will feel a bit uncomfortable – go with it
Notice your defensiveness and accept discomfort of unlearning and relearning
Keep an open mind and listen first

5. Goal:
Think about adopting personal strategies to diminish your personal bias

6. Our Personal Experiences with Bias
Personalize by having panelists tell short story that demonstrates how bias exhibited by another affected their prospects or how bias they exhibited affected others

7. Am I biased?

8. Yes
Whether we are female/male, affluent/not affluent, black/white/Hispanic/Asian/Native American/immigrant, gay/straight, disabled/abled, older/younger

9. Examples of Automatic Attitude Directed Toward Social Group
Standing Distance
Eye Contact
Judgment of Facial Expression
Speaking Time

10. Example of what IAT tests Say the Color
PURPLE
YELLOW
RED
ORANGE
GREEN
BLACK
BLUE

11. Say the Color
YELLOW
BLUE
ORANGE
BLACK
RED
GREEN
PURPLE

12. How do I measure my biases?

13. Take the IAT Implicit Association Test
Race IAT
Gender – Science IAT
Age IAT
Weight IAT
Gender IAT

14. The IAT Measures implicit reasoning
Asked to categorize information quickly
Calculates reaction time in milliseconds
Calculates accuracy
Statistically, speed and accuracy difference meaningfully reflects your cognitive process
IAT is an empirical tool to measure bias

15. Examples of IAT Utilization in Legal Research
Guilty/Not Guilty IAT – people implicitly associate Black people = guilty
Level of implicit bias predicted the way people evaluated evidence in a criminal trial
Unarmed Black men are more likely to be shot than unarmed white men.
Low income members of society are frequent targets of discrimination.

16. How does bias affect the objects of bias and general culture?

17. Classic social psychology research shows people allocate more resources and report more positive attitudes toward in-group members even when people are randomly assigned to meaningless groups.

18. Most White Americans
Respond faster on IAT when “African American” and “bad” are paired than when “African American” and “good” are paired, reflecting more negative automatic associations with African Americans relative to whites

19. Study: IAT and Immigration Policy Judgments (Lopez 2010)
Are immigration policy judgments (e.g., anti-immigration sentiment) shaped by –
Politics?
Intolerance towards foreigners?
Negative attitudes towards Latinos/Latino immigrants?

20. Testing “Boys are Better” Stereotype
Scenario 1: Female science majors see video of conference with 75% male participation
Scenario 2: Video shows conference in which participants are gender balanced

22. Women Involved in Scenario 1:
Felt less “belonging”
Less desire to participate
Experience more psychological markers related to stress

23. Familiarity Reduces Sexual Orientation Bias
High-contact: People with GLBT friends or family members tend to show less bias against them, both overtly and in implicit bias tests
Low-contact: After viewing photos and biographies of famous GLBT individuals, their implicit bias scores were not significantly different from the high-contact group.

24. Ways to Combat Hidden bias
Reframe the conversation
Focus on fair treatment and respect
Support projects that encourage positive images instead of stereotypes
Studies show positive images of specific groups of people can combat hidden bias

25. Rethink Your:
Resistance to Change
Tolerance for Inequity

26. Less Biased People Have a Complex or Conflicted Stance as they Harbor Some Degree of Automatic Bias Along with an Explicit Commitment to Egalitarianism

27. DON’T:
Accept automatic responses as valid and use them to guide judgment
Justify any automatic response as a basis for judgment

28. DO:
Be suspicious of automatic responses - suppress, change or modify explicit judgment
Try to override automatic reactions in favor of egalitarian explicit responses

29. Over Time
Practice replacing bias with judgments that conform to explicit values
Develop strong motivation to avoid prejudice
Practicing equalitarian responses will reduce implicit preference to high status groups
Change mindset followed by behavioral change
Be willing to reject automatic preference

30. What can I do about an automatic preference that I would rather not have?
Good news is that preferences are malleable
Seek experiences that can undo or reverse the patterns of experience that created it
Read or see information that opposes the implicit preference
Interact with people that provide experience that counter the preference
Remain alert to the implicit preference and recognize that it may intrude into your judgments and actions
Embark on consciously planned actions to compensate for know implicit preferences

31. See the Squirrel and the Swan

32. References
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