1. Gross Anatomy
Skull and brain
1/21/10

2. Identify the Bone Frontal Bone Temporal Bone Zygomatic Bone Maxilla
Mandible

3. Identify the Landmark Supraorbital Notch (Foramen)
Infraorbital Foramen
Mental Foramen

4. Identify the Bone Frontal Parietal Temporal Sphenoid Zygomatic
Occipital
Maxilla
Mandible

5. “PEST OF 6”
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal

6. Identify the Landmark Temporal Process (Zygomatic Bone)
Zygomatic Process
(Temporal Bone)
Condylar Process
(Mandible)
External Auditory
Meatus
Coronoid Process
(Mandible)
External Occipital
Protuberance
Ramus of the
Mandible
Mental Foramen
Mastoid Process
Styloid Process

7. Identify the Bone Frontal Bone Ethmoid Bone Sphenoid Bone
Temporal Bone
Occipital Bone

8. Identify the Landmark Crista Galli Optic Canal Lesser Wing
of the Sphenoid
Cribiform plate
Greater Wing
of the Sphenoid
Foramen Ovale
Foramen Spinosum
Foramen Lacerum
Carotid Canal
Jugular Foramen
Foramen Magnum
Hypoglossal Canal

9. More Foramina (and what runs through them)
Optic Canal
Optic Nerve (II)
Ophthalmic artery
Foramen Ovale
Mandibular Nerve (V3)
Accessory meningeal artery
Foramen Spinosum
Middle meningeal artery
Carotid Canal
Internal carotid artery
Internal carotid nerve plexus
Jugular Foramen
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)
Vagus Nerve (X)
Accessory Nerve (XI)
Sigmoid sinus
Posterior Meningeal Artery
Hypoglossal Canal
Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

10. Things we didn’t see yet…
Superior Orbital Fissure
Oculumotor nerve (III), Trochlear nerve (IV), Ophthalmic nerve (V1), Abducens nerve (VI), Superior ophthalmic vein
Foramen Rotundum
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Internal Auditory Meatus
Facial nerve (VII), Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII), Labyrinthine artery
SOF FR
IAM

11. OVALE: Otic ganglion (just inferior) V3 cranial nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary veins

12. Identify the Structure
Corpus Callosum
Fornix
Cingulate Gyrus
Central Sulcus
Parieto-Occipital Sulcus
Septum Pellucidum
Anterior Commisure

13. Identify the Structure
Corpus Callosum
Fornix
Cingulate Gyrus
Central Sulcus
Parieto-Occipital Sulcus
Pineal Body
Septum Pellucidum
Massa Intermedia
Anterior Commisure
Fourth Ventricle
Mammillary Body
Hypophysial Stalk

14. Identify the Structure
Primary Fissure
Tonsil
Nodule

15. Cranial nerves Olfactory (I) Optic (II) Oculomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
Trigeminal (V)
Abducens (VI)
Facial (VII)
Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
Hypoglossal (XII)
Accessory (XI)

16. Mnemotechnics on cranial nerves
"On Old Olympus Towering Tops, A Finn And German Viewed Some Hops":
From I to XII:
Olfactory
Optic
Occulomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Auditory [or Vestibulocochlear]
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory [or Spinal root of the accessory]
Hypoglossal
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17. Again! Olfactory (I) Optic (II) Oculomotor (III) Trochlear (IV)
Abducens (VI)
Trigeminal (V)
Facial (VII)
Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
& Vagus (X)
Hypoglossal (XII)

18. Cranial nerves: sensory, motor or both
"Some Say Marry Money But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter More"
From I to XII:
Sensory
Motor
Both

19. Name the Function! Olfactory (I)- smell Optic (II)- sight
Oculomotor (III)- eyelid & eyeball movement
Trochlear (IV)- turns eye down/out (sup. obl.)
Trigeminal (V)- chewing, face touch and pain
Abducens (VI)- turns eye laterally (lat. rectus)
Facial (VII)- controls most facial expressions,
tears and saliva, taste (ant. 2/3)
Vestibulocochlear (VIII)- hearing, equilibrium
Glossopharyngeal (IX)- taste (post. 1/3),
senses carotid BP
Vagus (X)- senses aortic BP, slows heart
rate, stimulates digestive organs
taste
Hypoglossal (XII)- controls tongue movement

20. Cavernous sinus content
O TOM CAT:
O TOM are lateral wall components, in order from superior to inferior.
CA are the components within the sinus, from medial to lateral. CA ends at the level of T from O TOM.
See diagram.
Occulomotor nerve (III)
Trochlear nerve (IV)
Ophthalmic nerve (V1)
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Carotid artery
Abducent nerve (VI)
T: When written, connects to the T of OTOM

21. Name the Function! Accessory (XI)-
controls trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

22. Question
Which structure carries fibers with motor and sensory information from the cortex? A. B. C. B A C

23. Answer
Which structure carries fibers with motor and sensory information from the cortex? A. B. C. B A C

24. Question
During a rare and complicated surgery, a doctor accidentally drops a jelly bean into the patient’s skull, where it becomes lodged in the marked structure. Which of the following symptoms will the patient display?
A. Difficulty swallowing
B. Difficulty chewing
C. Drifting of eyes inward
D. Partial loss of vision
E. Diarrhea

25. Answer
During a rare and complicated surgery, a doctor accidentally drops a jelly bean into the patient’s skull, where it becomes lodged in the marked structure. Which of the following symptoms will the patient display?
A. Difficulty swallowing
B. Difficulty chewing
C. Drifting of eyes inward
D. Partial loss of vision
E. Diarrhea

26. Question
During another procedure, the same careless doctor accidentally transects the nerve running through the marked hole. Which of the following symptoms will the patient display?
A. Partial loss of taste
sensation
B. Tongue deviates left
C. Tongue deviates right
D. Left shoulder drop
E. Right shoulder drop
F. Diarrhea

27. Answer
During another procedure, the same careless doctor accidentally transects the nerve running through the marked hole. Which of the following symptoms will the patient display?
A. Partial loss of taste
sensation
B. Tongue deviates left
C. Tongue deviates right
D. Left shoulder drop
E. Right shoulder drop
F. Diarrhea

28. Question
During a routine chin lift, Dr accidentally transects the marked nerve. What symptom will his droopy-chinned patient have?
A. Difficulty chewing
B. Difficulty swallowing
C. Tongue deviation
D. Shoulder weakness
E. Diarrhea

29. Answer
During a routine chin lift, Dr accidentally transects the marked nerve. What symptom will his droopy-chinned patient have?
A. Difficulty chewing
B. Difficulty swallowing
C. Tongue deviation
D. Shoulder weakness
E. Diarrhea

30. Question
Dr. Garner needs a picture in order to illustrate a nerve lesion during her lecture. She finds a student asleep and severs the indicated nerve. What sign did she need to take a picture of?
A. Right-sided medial eye deviation
B. Left-sided medial eye deviation
C. Right-sided drooping
eyelid
D. Left-sided drooping
E. Lower face paralysis

31. Answer
Dr. Garner needs a picture in order to illustrate a nerve lesion during her lecture. She finds a student asleep and severs the indicated nerve. What sign did she need to take a picture of?
A. Right-sided medial eye deviation
B. Left-sided medial eye deviation
C. Right-sided drooping
eyelid
D. Left-sided drooping
E. Lower face paralysis

32. Question What is the gross brain structure indicated by the arrow?
A. Caudate nucleus
B. Globus Pallidus
C. Hippocampus
D. Putamen
E. Thalamus

33. Answer What is the gross brain structure indicated by the arrow?
A. Caudate nucleus
B. Globus Pallidus
C. Hippocampus
D. Putamen
E. Thalamus

34. Question
From whence do most of the neurons in the marked structure come?
A. Left red nucleus
B. Right red nucleus
C. Left pontine nuclei
D. Right pontine nuclei
E. Left lower limb
F. Right lower limb
G. Left fastigial nucleus
H. Right fastigial nucleus

35. Answer
From whence do most of the neurons in the marked structure come?
A. Left red nucleus
B. Right red nucleus
C. Left pontine nuclei
D. Right pontine nuclei
E. Left lower limb
F. Right lower limb
G. Left fastigial nucleus
H. Right fastigial nucleus

36. Question
Which lobe of the cerebrum sits in the region of the skull shown?
A. Frontal
B. Parietal
C. Temporal
D. Occipital

37. Answer
Which lobe of the cerebrum sits in the region of the skull shown?
A. Frontal
B. Parietal
C. Temporal
D. Occipital