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By: Susan M. Pojer and Lynne Pierce

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1 By: Susan M. Pojer and Lynne Pierce
Urbanization and Politics In The Gilded Age By: Susan M. Pojer and Lynne Pierce

2 Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age
Megalopolis. Mass Transit. Pronounced class distinctions -suburbs Squalid living conditions for many. Political machines. Ethnic neighborhoods.

3 Apartment Building - Chicago

4 Railway Exchange

5 Flatiron Building NYC – 1902

6 Western Union Bldg, NYC Manhattan Life Insurance Bldg., NYC

7 Singer Building - NYC - Woolworth Building

8 “Dumbbell“ Tenement

9 Tenement Slum Living

10 Inside the Tenements

11 Street Children

12 Ellis Island The “New Immigrants”
Southern & Eastern Europe – Italians, Greeks, Poles, Russians – and Asians

13 Ellis Island

14 Waiting for Entry

15 The Test You Can’t Afford To Fail

16

17

18 So Far So Near, yet ….

19 The New Colossus …… Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, …… her name - Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command ………. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" Emma Lazarus, 1883

20 Struggling Immigrant Families

21 Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”

22 St. Patrick’s Cathedral

23 Hester Street – Jewish Section

24 Pell St. - Chinatown,NYC Chinese laborers

25 The “Chinese Question”
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

26 ”Black & Tan” Saloon

27 1890s ”Morgue” – Basement Saloon

28 Bandits’ Roost Mullen’s Alley Gang

29 Urban Growth:

30 Anti-Immigrant Reaction
American Protective Association Immigration Restrictive Acts (quotas)

31 Political Bosses Old and New
Richard Daly – Chicago 1960s 19th Century boss

32 President Ulysses S. Grant 1868-1876

33 Political Bosses and Machines
Tammany Hall - NYC William Tweed Thomas Nast

34 Nast attacks Tweed

35 Other Nast Cartoons Nast self portrait

36 1881: Garfield Assassinated!
Charles Guiteau

37 Chester A. Arthur: The Fox in the Chicken Coop?

38 Pendleton Act (1883) Civil Service Act.
Civil service jobs now awarded on basis of merit – test required or college education End of spoils system

39 1884 Presidential Election
Grover Cleveland James Blaine * (DEM) (REP)

40 A Dirty Campaign Ma, Ma…where’s my pa? He’s going to the White House, ha… ha… ha…!

41 Cleveland takes on the bosses

42 1888 Presidential Election
Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison (DEM) * (REP)

43 Disposing of the Surplus

44 1892 Presidential Election
Only President to serve split terms Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison again! * (DEM) (REP)

45 Changing Culture John Dewey – learning by doing Frederick Law Olmstead
Mark Twain

46 Newspapers & Yellow Journalism
William Randolph Hearst Joseph Pulitzer Yellow Kid

47 City Transportation

48 Shopping F.W. Woolworth Chain store Marshall-Fields, 1st dept. store
1st grocery store Sears,Roebuck

49 Photography George Eastman

50 Entertainment P.T. Barnum & Col. Tom Thumb Vaudeville flyer

51 Baseball

52 Football Walter Camp Father of Am Football

53 Basketball

54 Boxing - Bare Knuckles to Gloves
Jim Jeffries v. Jack Johnson John L Sullivan

55 The Healthy Life Gym suit 1912

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