1. IQ Test http://alliqtests.com/tests/3/5/
Intelligence
IQ Test

2. Objectives and agenda Objectives List the definitions of intelligence
Work with the difference between intelligence and achievement
Outline the different psychological ideas of intelligence
Agenda
Warm-up—answer questions on intelligence
Discuss warm-up
Take intelligence test
Group—research the following psychologist’s ideas on intelligence—Charles Spearman, Howard Gardner, Robert Sternberg

3. Warm Up What is intelligence?
List behaviors that you believe to characteristic of intelligent people, and then behaviors characteristic of unintelligent people.

4. Achievement vs. Intelligence
Achievement—knowledge and skills gained from experience. Things you know and can do.
Intelligence—abilities to learn from experience, think rationally, and to deal effectively with others and the environment.
Intelligence makes achievement possible

5. Charles Spearman and The G-Factor
General intelligence (g): Spearman’s belief that there is a single factor that underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.
Specific intelligences tended to be positively correlated.

6. Objectives and agenda Objectives
Know the similarities and differences between alternate ideas of intelligence
Argue whether intelligence tests are the best way to determine intelligence
List why people have different intelligences
Agenda
Warm-up--True intelligence?—Derek—Take notes and be ready to discuss from your notes if Derek is “Intelligent.
Notes on Different types of Intelligence
Intelligence test—take
Discuss different types of intelligence tests.
The Real Rainman video
Homework—study guide for Unit III.

7. Howard GARDNER “Multiple Intelligences”
key name
Howard GARDNER
___
“Multiple Intelligences”
From a biological point of view, Gardner has noted that brain damage often may diminish some abilities but not others.
Gardner argues humans do not have one intelligence (g factor) but instead multiple intelligences which are relatively independent of the others.
Worked with Maslow at U Wisconsin

8. Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences
Gardner argues there are 9 intelligences:
Verbal Linguistic
Logical-mathematical
Visual Spatial
Bodily-kinesthetic
Auditory-musical
Interpersonal (sensitivity to the feelings of others)
Intrapersonal (insight into one’s own inner feelings)
Existential (insight into larger picture of life ((phil.))
Naturalist (understanding laws that govern natural behavior)

9. Howard GARDNER “Multiple Intelligences” - continued
The existence of savants, prodigies and other exceptional individuals supports Gardner’s theory:
The Real Rainman (
Derek--60 minutes
Lily the geography wiz! (

10. Robert Sternberg
Sternberg looked to overcome the fact that although IQ tests predicted school tests relatively well, they did less well predicting vocational success.
“The true measure of success is not how well one does in school…
…but how well one does.”

11. Robert STERNBERG Triarchic theory of intelligence
key name
Robert STERNBERG
______
Triarchic theory of intelligence
Creative (reacting to new situations and ideas)
Analytical (academic problem solving)
Practical (everyday tasks – common sense)
Worked with Maslow at U Wisconsin

12. Other Intelligences Emotional intelligence.—5 factors
Self-awareness—recognize own feelings
Mood management—distract from uncomfortable feeling. –how long they last
Self motivation—move ahead with confidence and enthusiasm
Impulse control—delay pleasure until task has been accomplished
People skills—ability to empathize, understand, communicate and cooperate

13. key name
Alfred BINET
Created an intelligence test that could measure the mental age of school children
Worked with Maslow at U Wisconsin
Mental age
X 100 = IQ
Chronological age

14. Mental age X 100 = IQ Chronological age 12 X 100 = 120 10 10
What is the IQ of:
a10-year-old with the mental age of a 12 year old? 12
X 100 = 120 10
an 8-year-old with the mental age of a 10 year old? 10
X 100 = 125 8
A 10-year-old with the mental age of a 9 year old? 9
X 100 = 90 10

15. Alfred Binet and Intelligence Tests
Mental Age: chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Intelligence increased with age
A child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8.
Binet did not believe his test measured inborn intelligence.

16. Creator of the most widely used intelligence tests today
key name
David WECHSLER
Creator of the most widely used intelligence tests today
WISC: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
WAIS: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Verbal & performance scores
Worked with Maslow at U Wisconsin

17. Assessing Intelligence- Sample Items from the WAIS
From Thorndike and Hagen, 1977
VERBAL
General Information
Similarities
Arithmetic Reasoning
Vocabulary
Comprehension
Digit Span
PERFORMANCE
Picture Completion
Picture Arrangement
Block Design
Object Assembly
Digit-Symbol Substitution

18. Qualities of A Good Test
To be accepted all psychological tests must be:
Standardized
Reliable
Valid

19. Reliability vs. Validity (DON’T MIX THEM UP)
Reliability—equals consistency—same scores for same person at different times
Validity deals with accuracy or predictability.
Asks the question does the test measure what it is supposed to measure?

20. Purpose of IQ test—Determine High IQ and low IQ’s
Problems with Intelligence Tests
Not perfect
Some better than others
Education and background
Motivation
Culturally biased
Words and concepts used by particular groups
Understand meanings of some questions.
Problem-solving methods

21. The Normal Curve—”Bell Curve”
Ninety-five percent
of all people fall
within 30 points
of 100
Number of scores
Wechsler intelligence score
Sixty-eight percent
of people score
within 15 points
above or below 100

22. Broadening Theory of Intelligence
Savant Syndrome: a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill.
Rainman
High intelligence does not guarantee creativity
Gifted—outstanding talent or to show potential for perform at remarkably high levels

23. Mental Retardation
Mild Retardation: IQs from 50 to 70 – can read, do basic math, hold a job and take care of themselves
Moderate Retardation: IQs from 35 to 49 – can speak, feed and dress themselves, work under supportive conditions
Severe Retardation: IQs from 20 to 34 – Require constant supervision, limited communication.
Profound Retardation:Below 20--Barely communicate with basic emotional responses--Cannot feed or dress and dependent on others for care

24. Causes of Mental Retardation
Genetic disorders (Down Syndrome)
Pregnant women who do drugs or drink alcohol
Difficulties during childbirth

25. Environmental Influences on Intelligence
Genetics play a role in intelligence (because identical twins have similar IQs) but …
the home environment and parenting styles can influence IQ and;
preschool programs like Head Start affect IQ as well.
SEE NEXT SLIDE

26. Is Intelligence Genetic or Environmental?
Influenced by both, but the most genetically similar have the most similar scores.
Similarity of
intelligence
scores
(correlation)
Identical
twins
reared
together
apart
Fraternal
Siblings
Unrelated
individuals

27. Intelligence Film