1. Urbanization
As Seen Through
Late 19c - Early 20c
Architecture

2. Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age
Megalopolis.
Mass Transit.
Magnet for economic and social opportunities.
Pronounced class distinctions Inner & outer core
New frontier of opportunity for women.
Squalid living conditions for many.
Political machines.
Ethnic neighborhoods.

3. The City as a New “Frontier?”
New Use of Space
New Class Diversity
New Architectural Style
New Energy
New Symbols of Change & Progress
The City as a New “Frontier?”
New Culture (“Melting Pot”)
Make a New Start
New Form of Classic “Rugged Individualism”
New Levels of Crime, Violence, & Corruption

4. CHICAGO:
"The
Windy City"

5. William Le Baron Jenney
1832 – 1907
“Father of the Modern Skyscraper”

6. W. Le Baron Jenney: Central Y.M.C.A., Chicago, 1891

7. Louis Sullivan 1856 – 1924 The Chicago School of Architecture
Form follows function!

8. Louis Sullivan: Bayard Bldg., NYC, 1897

9. Louis Sullivan: Carson, Pirie, Scott Dept. Store, Chicago, 1899

10. D. H. Burnham
1846 – 1912
Use of steel as a super structure.

11. DH Burnham: Fisher [Apt.] Bldg, Chicago, 1896

12. D. H. Burnham: Marshall Fields Dept. Store, 1902

13. DH Burnham: Railway Exchange, Chicago, 1904

14. NEW YORK
CITY:
"Gotham"

15. New York City Architectural Style: 1870s-1910s
The style was less innovative than in Chicago.
NYC was the source of the capital for Chicago.
Most major business firms had their headquarters in NYC  their bldgs. became “logos” for their companies.
NYC buildings and skyscrapers were taller than in Chicago.

16. Western Union Bldg,. NYC - 1875

17. Manhattan Life Insurance Bldg. NYC - 1893

18. Singer Building NYC

19. Woolworth Bldg. NYC

20. Flatiron Building NYC – 1902
D. H. Burnham

21. Grand Central Station, 1913

22. John A. Roebling: The Brooklyn Bridge, 1883

23. John A. Roebling: The Brooklyn Bridge, 1913

24. Statue of Liberty, 1876 (Frederic Auguste Bartholdi)

25. “Dumbell “ Tenement

26. “Dumbell “ Tenement, NYC

27. Jacob Riis: How the Other Half Lived (1890)

28. Tenement Slum Living

29. Lodgers Huddled Together

30. Tenement Slum Living

31. Struggling Immigrant Families

32. Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”

33. St. Patrick’s Cathedral

34. Hester Street – Jewish Section

35. 1900 Rosh Hashanah Greeting Card

36. Pell St. - Chinatown, NYC

37. Urban Growth: