1. PPE: Clothing/Ensembles
Instructional Goal:
The participant will recognize the purpose of personal protective equipment and personal protective clothing.

2. PPE: Clothing/Ensembles
Shield or isolate individuals from waste site hazards
Careful selection and use of adequate PPE
No single combination of equipment and clothing is capable of protecting against all hazards

3. Developing a PPE Program
Hazard identification
Medical monitoring
Environmental surveillance
Selection, use, maintenance, and decontamination of PPE

4. Developing a PPE Program
Training
Program review and evaluation
Protective clothing

5. Selection of Chemical Protective Clothing

6. Permeation and Degradation
Penetration

7. Permeation Rate Clothing material Manufacturing method
Concentration of hazardous material
Temperature, pressure and humidity
Solubility of the chemical through the clothing material

8. Heat Transfer Characteristics
“clo” value is thermal insulation value of the material

9. Work Mission Duration Air supply consumption work rate fitness
body size
breathing patterns

10. Work Mission Duration
Ambient temperature - hot and cold temperatures affect
valve operation
durability and flexibility of suit materials
integrity of suit fasteners
permeation rate of chemicals
concentration of airborne contaminants

11. Work Mission Duration
Permeation and penetration by chemical contaminants into the material of a Suit/Ensemble
Coolant supply

12. Selection Summary Durability Flexibility Temperature effects
Will the material resist tears, puncture and abrasions?
Will the material withstand repeated use after contamination/decontamination?
Flexibility
Will the CPC interfere with a worker's ability to perform his or her assigned tasks? (This is particularly important to consider for gloves.)
Temperature effects
Will the material maintain its protective integrity and flexibility under the extremes of heat and cold?

13. Selection Summary Ease of decontamination
Are decontamination procedures available on site?
Will the material pose any decontamination problems?
Should disposable clothing be used?
Compatibility with other equipment
Does the clothing prevent the use of another, necessary piece of protective equipment (e.g., suits that preclude hardhat use in a hardhat area)?
Duration of use
Can the required task be accomplished before contaminant breakthrough occurs, or before degradation of the CPC becomes significant?

14. Special Conditions
fire
explosion
radiation

15. Level A - Maximum skin and respiratory protection
Personal Protective Equipment Levels of Protection
Level A - Maximum skin and respiratory protection
Level B - Maximum respiratory with some skin protection
Level C - Limited level of respiratory protection and skin protection from airborne hazards
Level D - No respiratory protection and limited skin protection from airborne hazards

16. Personal Protective Equipment Levels of Protection
Level A
fully-encapsulating
maximum skin and respiratory protection
NOTE: recommended for site entries if operations involve high potential for slash or for exposure to vapors, gases or particles that have high degree of hazard to the skin.

17. Personal Protective Equipment Levels of Protection
Level B
maximum respiratory protection
some skin protection
NOTE: This is the minimum level recommended for initial site entries until the hazards have been further identified.

18. Personal Protective Equipment Levels of Protection
Level C
limited level of respiratory protection
skin protection from airborne hazards
NOTE: can be used only when all atmospheric contaminants have been identified and their concentrations measured and when it has been determined that the air-purifying respirator can remove the contaminants.

19. Personal Protective Equipment Levels of Protection
Level D
no respiratory protection
limited skin protection from airborne hazards
NOTE:can be used only when all atmospheric contaminants have been identified and concentrations measured, and when it has been determined that there is no hazard to the respiratory system or to the skin.

20. Reasons to Upgrade PPE Dermal Hazard? Gas or Vapor Emission?
Increase in contact or potential contact?
At request of individual

21. Reasons to Downgrade PPE
New information - situation less hazardous than originally thought
Change in conditions that decreases hazard
Change in work task that reduces contact with hazardous material

22. PPE Inspection Program
inspection and operational testing of equipment from factory
inspection of equipment as it is issued to workers
inspection after use or training or prior to maintenance

23. PPE Inspection Program
periodic inspection of stored equipment
periodic inspection when a question arises concerning the appropriateness of selected equipment

24. Other PPE Considerations
Maintenance and Storage
Donning an ensemble
In-Use Monitoring
Doffing
Clothing reuse

25. Heat Stress

26. Prevention
Daily fluid intake must approximately equal the amount of water lost in sweat
When heavy sweating occurs, encourage the worker to drink more
Maintain water temperature at 50 degrees to 60 degrees F
Provide small disposable cups that hold about 4 ounces (0.1 liter)

27. Monitoring
heart rate
oral temperature
body water loss (weight change)

28. Temperature Possible Death 108 Loss of ability for self help 106
Normal
Sweating
Muscle slow down
Loss of ability for
self help
Possible Death
108
104
106
101
98.6

29. Symptoms and Treatment
Heat Rash - tiny raised blister-like rash
keep area dry and cool
Heat Cramps - muscular pain and spasms
replacement of salt through liquids
Heat Exhaustion - headache, nausea, dizziness, vomiting, and heavy sweating
move to cooler environment and elevate feet
Heat Stroke - very small pupils, confusion, unconsciousness and very high body temperature
summon medical help immediately