2. 721-725 Recognize cause and effect relationships about the Cold War.Cold War Describe examples of the Cold War.

3. DirectionsDirections: For each set of events, identify at least one cause and effect relationship. Now, turn the handout over and create a cause and effect “chain” of events from our study of the Cold War.

4. The Cold War [1945-1991]: An ideological struggle and tensions between the Soviet Union (Communism/Dictatorship) and the US (Capitalism/Democracy) Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations [“Iron Curtain”] US & the Western Democracies METHODOLOGIES: 1.Espionage [KGB vs. CIA] 2.Arms Race [nuclear escalation] 3.Proxy Wars [Soviet backed nation vs. US backed nation] 4.Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]

5. Factors Leading to the Factors Leading to the End of the US/Soviet Wartime Alliance: Yalta Conference – “spheres of influence”. Stalin refused to allow free elections in Poland. US push for economic organizations such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Bernard Baruch pressed UN on atomic energy. George Kennan’s “long telegram”. Iron Curtain Speech – Winston Churchill Truman’s advisors shared view of an aggressive Soviet Union. …this led to the Cold War Arms Race Arms RaceArms Race

6. EXAMPLES of the Cold War: The Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine 1947 Truman urged Congress1947 Truman urged Congress to give $400 mil. to fight to give $400 mil. to fight Communist rebels in Greece Communist rebels in Greece and Turkey. and Turkey. The Marshall Plan The Marshall Plan 1947 Sec. of State George1947 Sec. of State George Marshall’s “European Marshall’s “European Recovery Plan” gave $13.5 bil. Recovery Plan” gave $13.5 bil. to rebuild Europe. to rebuild Europe. MacArthur occupies Japan MacArthur occupies Japan Overseas rebuilding of JapanOverseas rebuilding of Japan along democratic lines. along democratic lines. The Policy of Containment The Policy of Containment George Kennan writes hisGeorge Kennan writes his “Policy of X” in Foreign Affairs. “Policy of X” in Foreign Affairs.

7. Reaction of the Soviet Union Czechoslovakia as a Soviet “satellite” (2/1948) Berlin Blockade (6/1948) Berlin Airlift –Berlin Airlift “Operation Vittles” U.S. Reaction Reinstated the military draft in 1948 National Security Act (1947) created the CIA & NSC. Created the Department of Defense (1949) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949) ANZUS (1951) – pact between Australia, New Zealand the US.

8. Warsaw Pact

9. Which Cold War event brought The US and Soviet Union closest to WAR? Truman Doctrine Berlin Blockade Creation of NATO Marshall Plan FRONT of room