1. TOWARDS A NEW HAITI FIVE YEARS AFTER THE JANUARY 12, 2010 EARTHQUAKE DISASTER Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

2. M7.0 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES HAITI THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE’S POOREST NATION HIT HARD 4:53 p.m.; JANUARY 12, 2010

3. SOCIETAL IMPACTS The lives of 3 million Haitians were adversely impacted. Over two hundred thousand deaths

4. It was the largest quake ever recorded in the area and the first major one since a M6.7 temblor in 1984

5. THE HAITI EARTHQUAKE AND THE CARIBBEAN PLATE

6. LOCATION

7. SHALLOW HYPOCENTER The US Geological Survey reported that the earthquake was centered about 10 miles (16 km) west of Port- au-Prince, with 1.8 million people in the area at high risk. The quake’s shallow depth - about 5 miles (8 km), exacerbated damage.

8. PORT AU PRINCE: 1.8 MILLION IN A NATION OF NINE MILLION

9. A SPEED BUMP IN THE ROAD TOWARDS A NEW HAITI The earthquake caused a tragic, long- term interruption of the steady, but SLOW, national development that was finally beginning to happen. It is still be an incentive for raising a NEW HAITI out of the debris and destruction of January 12, 2010.

10. THE PRESIDENT OF HAITI The President took control of the historic emergency response needs and the international assistance activities.

11. PRIORITY ONE WAS SAVING HAITIAN LIVES Search and rescue activities, which started immediately with the efforts of individual survivors working without equipment, were augmented as quickly as possible with experts and heavy equipment.

12. MEDICAL CARE A major concern was how to care for the homeless and injured Haitians and how and where to provide temporary housing for them.

13. BUILDING DAMAGE No modern construction standards had been implemented for years because of political instability, so - - - Thousands of buildings (e.g., houses, businesses, schools, prisons, hospitals) were damaged or collapsed by the ground shaking.

14. THE US EMBASSY The US Embassy, which was constructed in accordance with a modern building code, survived with very little damage, while other buildings in the vicinity collapsed.

15. OFFICES OF THE UNITED NATIONS The building housing United Nations personnel collapsed, killing the Head of the UN’s Peace Keeping Force, and others. 100 UN workers impacted. The UN’s humanitarian assistance was slowed, but not stopped.

16. COLLAPSE OF UN BUILDING; PORT AU PRINCE

17. DEATH TOLL REACHED TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND+

18. DAMAGE TO HOUSES ON HILLSIDE: PORT AU PRINCE

20. EXAMPLE OF DAMAGE TO HOMES: PORT AU PRINCE

23. EXAMPLE OF DAMAGE: PORT AU PRINCE

24. SOCIETAL IMPACTS: PUBLIC BUILDINGS Numerous public buildings were destroyed, including: a hospital, the Presidential Palace, the parliament building, the Finance Ministry, The Public Works Ministry, the Palace of Justice, and Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Port-au- Prince (the national cathedral).

25. AFTER THE QUAKE: CATHEDRAL BADLY DAMAGED

26. AFTER THE QUAKE: THE PRESIDENTIAL PALACE

27. INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE Power was knocked out. Communication was disrupted. Utility service was interrupted. Roads were damaged. The airport’s control tower was badly damaged. The port was damaged.

28. DAMAGED ROADS

29. TOUSSANT L’OUVERATURE AIRPORT: PORT AU PRINCE The airport’s communication tower was damaged in the earthquake. An operational runway was receiving military transports with supplies the next day. The airport’s “normal” day of 25 flights quickly became more than 50 flights.

30. TOUSSANT L’OUVERATURE AIRPORT

31. PORT DAMAGE Piers were broken. Cranes were overturned. Containers were toppled. Debris was everywhere.

32. PORT: TOPPLED CONTAINERS

33. PEOPLE SLEEPING ON THE STREET: JANUARY 12

34. TRAFFIC JAMS HINDER SEARCH AND RESCUE; JAN 14

35. SEARCH AND RESCUE UNDERWAY: JAN 13

36. SEARCH AND RESCUE IN A SCHOOL BY INDIVIDUALS: JAN 13

37. SURVIVORS RECEIVING WATER: JAN 14

38. EVACUATION OF INJURED: JAN 13

39. SURVIVORS SLEEPING IN TENTS: JANUARY 15

40. INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE The USA provided immediate assistance (e.g., financial, technical, logistical, security, search and rescue teams, and damage assessment) at the request of Haiti’s President.

41. US AIRCRAFT CARRIER CARL VINSON ARRIVING IN HAITI

42. INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE Within hours to a few days, other nations (e.g., Cuba, Dominion Republic, Venezuela, Mexico, Taiwan, Spain, Italy, UK, China, etc.) provided assistance in a variety of ways and quantities.

43. INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE International NGO’s responded immediately (e.g., Catholic Relief Services, World Vision, International Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders, The Salvation Army, Samaritan’s Purse, etc.,).

44. LOS ANGELES COUNTY FIRE DEPARTMENT: TO ASSIST

45. A DOG IS PART OF THE TEAM

46. TAIWAN SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAM: TO ASSIST

47. BRITISH SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAM: TO ASSIST

48. SPANISH SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAM WITH 9 DOGS

49. FAIRFAX COUNTY, VIRGINIA S AND R TEAM: TO ASSIST

50. INFECTUOUS DISEASES FEARED In addition to the two hundred thousand+ deaths and injuries and the shortage and contamination of water, another fear was the onset of diseases such as malaria.

51. FIVE YEARS LATER: still moving towards a new Haiti OVER $1 BILLION RAISED BY INTERNATIONAL DONORS RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION IS STILL UNDERWAY

52. THE GOALS: Rebuilding Haiti in a way that gives Haitians a chance to recover quickly and become self-sufficient and disaster resilient. Balancing Science, Engineering, the Political Process, and Reality

53. REALITY Haiti is located in a geographic area prone to disasters caused by earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and landslides

54. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Implementation of the seismic design provisions of a modern building code and modern lifeline standards is urgent to prevent widespread damage to residences, and commercial and government buildings in future earthquakes.

55. POLITICAL: TOWARDS A NEW HAITI Break the poverty cycle for Haitians through innovative job creation and training programs.

56. TOWARDS A NEW HAITI Develop Haitian business enterprise that is adept in finding innovative ways to lift Haitians out of the poverty cycle by exporting services within the Caribbean basin.

57. TOWARDS A NEW HAITI Use education and training, each with a relevant curriculum, to penetrate all sectors of Haitian Society and equip children and adults alike for a future that includes living with earthquakes, hurricanes, etc.

58. TOWARDS A NEW HAITI Create a Haitian Academy of Science, Engineering, and Medicine to function as an “institute without walls” during recovery and reconstruction.

59. TOWARDS A NEW HAITI Adopt and implement a modern building code and lifeline standards with seismic design provisions that are appropriate for Haiti.

60. TOWARDS A NEW HAITI Build professional capacity for urban planning, siting, design, and construction through continuous “training.”