1. Unit: Nationalism Topic: Italy Mrs. Johnson October 7, 2011

2. Italian Nationalists!

3. 1. Giuseppe Mazzini

4. A.After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Austria ruled northern Italy and Spain ruled southern Italy – the Italians didn’t like this.

5. B.In 1831, Giuseppe Mazzini founded the nationalist group Young Italy but was eventually exiled.

7. 2. Count Camilio Cavour

8. Darn… he hired bodyguards!

9. A.In 1852, the Kingdom of Piedmont- Sardinia’s (KPS) prime minister, Cavour, formed alliances with France and Prussia.

10. B.Cavour then started a war with Austria that resulted in the KPS taking all of northern Italy from the Austrians!

12. 3. Giuseppe Garibaldi

13. A. Garibaldi also believed in realpolitik and thought the only way to unite Italy was by force.

14.  “I offer neither pay, nor quarters, nor provisions; I offer hunger, thirst, forced marches, battles, and death. Let him who loves his country in his heart, and not with his lips only, follow me!”

15. B.In May 1860, a small army of nationalists (the Red Shirts) led by Garibaldi captured Sicily.

16.  Cavour then arranged a meeting between Garibaldi and King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia.

17. C.Garibaldi agreed to step aside and let the King rule an united Italy.

18.  In his famous meeting with Victor Emmanuel II Garibaldi greeted him as King of Italy and shook his hand, then retired, refusing to accept any reward for his services.