1. Problems in Cuba Chapter 23 Section 2

2. Castro’s Cuba  The U.S. had worried about Cuba ever since revolutionary leader Fidel Castro took over in 1959  Many Cubans supported Castro because he promised to improve the lives of the poor by exploiting wealthy Cuban & U.S. companies operating in Cuba  Castro developed ties to the USSR, particularly after the U.S. broke diplomatic relations

3. The Plan to Overthrow Castro  When JFK learned that Eisenhower had approved a plan in 1960, in which the CIA was providing military training for Cuba opponents of Castro in Guatemala  An invasion of Cuba at a place called the Bay of Pigs was planned  The idea was when the invasion took place, the Cuban people would use this opportunity to overthrow Castro

4. The Bay of Pigs Invasion  Took place on 4/17/1961; it was a total disaster  An air strike failed to destroy Cuba’s air power, Castro was able to stop forces coming to Cuba  Advisers urged JFK to send in U.S. planes for help, but he refused & cut his losses  The illegal effort to overthrow a legitimate gov’t was exposed to the world  European leaders were concerned about the kind of leadership JFK planned to provide

5. Missiles Found in Cuba  USSR disturbed by the Bay of Pigs invasion, now supported Cuba  10/1962, photos taken from U.S. spy planes revealed that the Soviets were placing missiles (ICBMs) in Cuba  USSR had its 1 st ally in the W’rn Hemisphere, 90 miles South of U.S.

6. Possible Soviet Motives  U.S. Jupiter missiles in Turkey  Khrushchev was trying to show how much power he had  Protection of Cuba from a U.S. invasion

7. JFK’s Reaction  Bombers & missiles were armed w/ nuclear weapons  The fleet was ready to move  Soldiers were ready to invade Cuba any minute

8. Kennedy Goes on TV  Tells public about the missiles & demands USSR remove them  “The U.S. would not shrink from the risk of nuclear war”  Announced a naval “quarantine” around Cuba to prevent the Soviets from bringing in more missiles  He was careful not to use “blockade” since this is an act of war

9. Who was going to Blink 1 st ?  Soviet ships came close to quarantine line but were called back  Khrushchev sent a letter to JFK pledging he would remove the missile if JFK promised that the U.S. would end the quarantine & stay out of Cuba

10. A SECOND LETTER?!  Khrushchev would sent a 2 nd letter demanding that the U.S. take the missiles out of Turkey in exchange for removal of Cuban missiles  The U.S. accepted the terms of the 1 st note while ignoring the 2 nd one

11. The Legacy of the CMC  This would be the closest the world has come to nuclear war  The CMC did lead to reduce the risk of nuclear war 1.JFK & Khrushchev established a “hot line” between nations to discuss these type of issues 2.1963, signed Limited Test Ban Treaty – banned nuclear testing above ground

12. PREPARE FOR QUIZ  TAKE OUT A SEPARATE PIECE OF PAPER  NUMBER 1-5

13. QUIZ 1. What country was the USSR’s 1 st ally in the Western Hemisphere? 2. Name 2 possible motives to the Soviets putting missiles in Cuba. 3. Why was Kennedy not to use the term “blockade” on TV? 4. What did the 1 st letter from Khrushchev state? 5. Name one thing the Cuban Missile Crisis led to reduce the risk of nuclear war.