1. Subordinating Conjunctions and Complex Sentences

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3. Coordinate Conjunctions  Let’s review coordinate conjunctions  A coordinate conjunction joins two independent clause to create one complete sentence  There is a simple formula to create a complete sentence using coordinate conjunctions  Independent Clause + Coordinate Conjunction + Independent Clause

4. What is a subordinating conjunction?  A subordinating conjunction makes a clause within a sentence dependent on a complete sentence in order to make sense  A subordinate conjunction followed by a subject and predicate creates a dependent clause  There are two ways to create complete sentences using subordinating conjunctions  (Subordinate Conjunction + Independent Clause) + Independent Clause  Independent Clause + (Subordinate Conjunction + Independent Clause)  When an independent clause and a dependent clause are joined together to create a complete thought, that is called a COMPLEX SENTENCE.

5. Common Subordinating Conjunctions afterhowtill althoughifunless asinsasmuchuntil as ifin order thatwhen as much asnow thatwhere as soon asprovided (that)wherever as thoughsincewhile becauseso thatwhether beforethanthat even ifeven thoughthough

6. Consider the following complete sentence: Kate dropped the pizza on the floor.

7. Now look what happens when we add a subordinating conjunction: Kate dropped the pizza on the floor What happened to the complete sentence? Now it is dependent on another clause or complete sentence in order to make sense. Because

8. Add a complete sentence: Because Kate dropped the pizza on the floor she had to clean it up. Dependent Clause Independent Clause

9. Try another one! Whenever the teacher assigns homework What is the subordinating conjunction? What is the subject that follows it? What is the verb? Add a complete sentence…

10. A complete sentence…  Whenever the teacher assigns homework,  the students start to cry.  the students run for the hills.  the students jump for joy!

11. Identifying the Parts in Complex Sentences  Circle the subordinating conjunction in each of the following sentences  Underline the complete subject in red and the complete predicate in blue

12. #1. Because the road was blocked, I missed my appointment.

13. #2. Since Josh and Amber had a test, they studied after school.

14. #3. Jason and Mikaela did their homework because the teacher would collect it next period.

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16. Diagramming Complex Sentence  As we have learned, a dependent clause is really just an independent clause with a subordinating conjunction attached to it.  Diagramming complex sentences is similar to diagramming a compound sentences  First identify your independent clause and diagram that FIRST  Then, diagram your dependent clause WITHOUT your subordinate conjunction  Connect your verbs using your subordinate conjunction

17. Let’s Diagram This Sentence Because the road was blocked, I missed my appointment. I missed the Because appointment road was blocked my

18. Let’s Try Another Since Josh and Amber had a test, they studied after school. they studied after school Josh Amber and hadtest a Since

19. Challenge Yourself! Jason and Mikaela did their homework because the teacher would collect it next period. teacher would collect period Jason Mikaela anddidhomework their because the it next

20. Diagram the Following Sentences 1. As night fell, the storm grew worse. 2. The tree will fall unless we replace the top soil. 3. Because my coffee was cold, I heated it in the microwave. 4. Since she was smart, she became manager. 5. Though he was rich, he was very unhappy.

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22. Directions  Let’s review the sentences that you diagrammed yesterday.

23. #1 As night fell, the storm grew worse. storm grew fell as worse night the

24. #2 The tree will fall unless we replace the top soil. tree will fall replace unless we the soil thetop

25. #3 Because my coffee was cold, I heated it in the microwave. I heated was because coffee cold my it the in microwave

26. #4 Since she was smart, she became manager. she became was since she smart manager

27. #5 Though he was rich, he was very unhappy. he was though he rich unhappy very

28. Classwork  I am going to hand out a worksheet on compound sentences  Complete the handout independently  If it is not finished by the end of class you will need to complete it for homework

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30. Directions  I will be giving you your independent work back from yesterday.  When you get your handout back, you will be switching with a partner.  As we review the answers from the handout, please mark any mistakes that your partner made.

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32. Directions  Clear everything from your desk except for a writing utensil  Today, you are taking your diagramming test  When you finish with your test, please turn your paper over to show me that you have completed your work  After you are finished, you may take out other English related work until everyone is finished testing

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34.  NO GRAMMAR TODAY

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36. Directions  I am going to hand back your diagramming tests  We are going to review the correct answers  As we review, please pay attention to any mistakes that you made

37. Additional Practice

38. #4. The officer stopped the speeding car, although the streets were very icy.

39. #5. Whenever I eat at Burger King, I order chicken nuggets and a milk.

40. #6. Shrek is my favorite movie because the characters are funny.

41. #7. Because John threw the ball immediately, the player was out.

42. #8. If you like ice cream, you should try Cold Stone Creamery.

43. #9. Since I was stuck in traffic, I missed my flight.

44. #10. When the teacher assigns projects, Helena does it.

45. #11. Although Jake liked the movie, he found the plot very confusing.