1. South Africa Most developed African country 5% of Africans live there Produces 2/5 of Africa’s factory goods and about half of its minerals Produces a fifth of the continent’s farm products

2. Multiracial Society Black – Largest ethnic group in South Africa (migrated mostly from Central Africa White – Dutch settlers (Boers) developed new language (combination of Dutch, words from other settlers, and black Africans-Afrikaan) These white colonists known as Afrikaners – Descendants of Afrikaners and British colonists-white ethnic group Coloured (colored) – Children from blacks and whites who married Asian – Mostly from India

3. Apartheid South African policy (1948-1990) separating people according to race. Gave most political and economic power to whites

4. Bantu indigenous people from Central and South Africa

5. Dutch settlers (Boers) arrived in 1652 different languages on the signs (English and Afrikaan)

6. 600 years Bantu lived in Africa 1800s Boers, Bantu and British battled for land (British won-English language dominated) When British came into rule in 1902, they began enforcing discrimination laws Integration in the mines In 1948, in an all-white election Afrikaners in power

7. Blacks are no longer South Africans Blacks assigned to fictional homelands Soweta Riots started because the language ub schools became Afrikaan

8. Steve Biko new leader fighting apartheid. He started Black Consciousness Movement Biko killed while in prison Mandela freed from prison when he was 72 (spent 27 years in prison) Apartheid ended mainly due to economic sanctions (causing bankruptcy), increased military black force 1994 first all-race election- Mandela first black president