2. Words ending in -ing We often use verbs that end in –ing. She is studying in the library. The smiling boy waved at me. Spelling –ing words is easy.

3. The Rules It’s easy to spell words ending in -ing correctly. You can learn to do it in just a few minutes! There are only 4 simple rules: 1. + ing 2. -e + ing 3. ie  y + ing 4. x2 + ing

4. + ing For most verbs, just add –ing. work  working brush  brushing ask  asking

5. -e + ing If the base form of the verb ends in a single e, delete the e and add ing. smile  smiling live  living dance  dancing

6. ie  y + ing If the base form of the verb ends with ie, change the ie to y and add -ing. die  dying tie  tying

7. x2 + ing If 1) the last 3 letters of the base form of the verb are consonant-vowel-consonant and 2) the stress is on the final (or only) syllable, double the final consonant and add –ing. stop  stopping plan  planning

8. x2 + ing (continued) admit  admitting prefer  preferring Compare when the stress is NOT on the final syllable: listen  listening The final –l is always doubled in British English, but not in American English: travel  travelling (British) travel  traveling (American)

9. x2 + ing (continued) Do not double the final consonants -x, -w, or –y. fix  fixing snow  snowing stay  staying

10. Which rule? walk +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

11. Which rule? walk +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing walking

12. Which rule? love +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

13. Which rule? love +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing loving

14. Which rule? lie +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

15. Which rule? lie +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing lying

16. Which rule? hop +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

17. Which rule? hop +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing hopping

18. Which rule? hope +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

19. Which rule? hope +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing hoping

20. Which rule? play +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

21. Which rule? play +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing playing

22. Which rule? end +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

23. Which rule? end +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing ending

24. Which rule? look +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

25. Which rule? look +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing looking

26. Which rule? repeat +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

27. Which rule? repeat +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing repeating

28. Which rule? control +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing

29. Which rule? control +ing -e + ing ie  y+ing x2+ing controlling

30. What are the 4 rules? 1. + ing

31. What are the 4 rules? 1. + ing 2. -e + ing

32. What are the 4 rules? 1. + ing 2. -e + ing 3. ie  y + ing

33. What are the 4 rules? 1. + ing 2. -e + ing 3. ie  y + ing 4. x2 + ing