1. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 63 Topic: 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Essential Question: 1.Where are germ cells located in the human body? 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 1.Where are germ cells located in the human body? 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Key Concept: Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have

2. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Points to Ponder Pg. 62 XXXY Somatic Cells Germ Cells

3. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis With a partner from your table: –Please use pgs. 168-171 in your text book –USE PENCIL –Complete the tree map of chromosomes (2 branches) –Complete the table contrasting: Somatic/Germ Cells

4. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.

5. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes and 46 total –Each pair of chromosomes is called Homologous pairs and have copies of the same genes –In each pair, one chromosome comes from each parent. *Homo= same MomDad

6. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis You have two types of chromosomes: Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes

7. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Chromosome pairs 1-22 are called autosomes Contain genes not directly related to your gender

8. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Pair #23=Sex chromosomes: X and Y determine gender Control the development of sexual characteristics XX= female XY= male XX XY P. 62: Draw a picture to help you remember XX/XY

9. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis You have two types of specialized cells: Somatic cells and Germ cells Will become… Draw a picture on the middle of pg. 62 to help you remember somatic vs. germ cells

10. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Somatic cells- are body cells, and make up most of your body tissues and organs. –Liver cells –Lung cells –Heart cells etc… Red blood cells skin cells bone cells intestinal cells

11. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Somatic (body) cells are Diploid (2n) They have two copies of every chromosome (23 from mom, 23 from dad) –for a TOTAL of 46 chromosomes –Undergo mitosis n (egg) 2n *di= 2 n (sperm)

12. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Germ cells- are the cells in your reproductive organs located in the ovaries and testes Develop into gametes through meiosis

13. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Gametes are sex cells: egg and sperm Both have DNA that can be passed to offspring. Egg Sperm

14. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Gametes are Haploid (n) cells have one copy of every chromosome. Have 22 autosomes + 1 sex chromosome = 23 chromosomes each Each gamete is UNIQUE 23

15. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Chromosomes Autosomes Sets 1-22 Not directly related to gender Sex Chromosomes Set 23 Determines gender Controls sexual characteristics X Y

16. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis You have two types of specialized cells: Somatic cells Germ cells Undergo mitosis body cells Diploid 46 chromosomes Identical to parent cell Undergo meiosis Cells in reproductive organs (ovaries/testies) Become gametes (sperm/eggs) Haploid 23 chromosomes Each are Unique

17. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Points to Ponder 1.Where are germ cells located in the human body (2 places) 2.Do you think that Y chromosomes contain genes that are critical for an organism’s survival? Explain.

18. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Points to Ponder 1.Where are germ cells located in the human body (2 places) In the reproductive organs: The ovaries in women and the testes in men. 2. Do you think that Y chromosomes contain genes that are critical for an organism’s survival? Explain. No, a Y chromosome is not necessary for survival. Females do not have a Y chromosome, and they are able to survive.

19. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 65 Topic: 6.1 Mitosis vs. Meiosis Essential Questions: 1.Does mitosis or meiosis occur more frequently in your body? Explain. 2.Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis (pg. 64) 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 1.Does mitosis or meiosis occur more frequently in your body? Explain. 2.Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis 6.1 Mitosis vs. Meiosis

20. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis MitosisMeiosis Pg. 64 EQ#2: “Genetic Data Chromosome Interpretation”

21. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis MitosisMeiosis Pg. 65

22. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Mitosis= makes more diploid cells. Produces genetically identical cells Results in diploid cells (2 sets of chromosomes) 46 chromosomes in each cell Takes place throughout an organism’s lifetime Involved in asexual reproduction Somatic (body) Cells

23. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis 2 identical daughter cells DNA replicates *Draw on pg. 65 in mitosis column

24. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Meiosis= makes haploid cells (23) from diploid cells –Produces genetically unique cells –Results in haploid cells (1 set of chromosomes) –23 chromosomes in each gamete –Takes place only at certain times in an organism’s life cycle –Involved in sexual reproduction –Germ cells (sex cells)

25. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis 4 haploid (23) unique daughter cells (diploid- 46) Germ cell *Draw on pg. 65 in meiosis column

26. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Homework: Due by Tuesday 10/28!!!! Work on vocab on pg. 68-69 of INB You need each vocab word- as well as a mini pic and description 6.1 Sexual reproduction Fertilization Meiosis 6.4 Gene Allele Homozygous Heterozygous Genome Genotype Phenotype Dominant Recessive 6.2 Sperm Egg 6.3 Traits Genetics Purebred

27. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis EQ: Make a double-bubble Map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis on the top of Pg. 64. Please read the Genetic Data information Interpret the second bar graph and answer the 3 questions on the bottom of pg. 64 Title it “Genetic Data Chromosome Interpretation” Classwork Data Analysis: Please open your book to page 172

28. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Y- axis Dependent variable X- axis Independent variable Diploid # of Chromosomes in Various Organisms 10 20 40 4955 210

29. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis 1.King crab; fruit fly 2.No. A porpoise is much bigger than a king crab, and has far less chromosomes. A potato is only 3 chromosomes off from human, and far smaller. 3.Yes. Chromosomes need to be able to fit in the nucleus.