1. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 65 Topic: 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Essential Question: 1.Where are germ cells located in the human body? 2.Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting autosomes and sex chromosomes 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 1.Where are germ cells located in the human body? 2.Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting autosomes and sex chromosomes 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Key Concept: Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have

2. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.

3. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes and 46 total –Each pair of chromosomes is called Homologous pairs and have copies of the same genes –In each pair, one chromosome comes from each parent. *Homo= same MomDad

4. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis You have two types of specialized cells: Somatic cells and Germ cells Will become…

5. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Somatic cells- are body cells and make up most of your body tissues and organs. –Liver cells –Lung cells –Heart cells etc… Red blood cells skin cells bone cells intestinal cells

6. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Somatic (body) cells are Diploid (2n) cells have two copies of every chromosome (23 from mom, 23 from dad) for a total of 46 chromosomes n n 2n *di= 2

7. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Germ cells- are the cells in your reproductive organs located in the ovaries and testes Develop into gametes

8. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Gametes are sex cells: egg and sperm Both have DNA that can be passed to offspring. Egg Sperm

9. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Gametes are Haploid (n) cells have one copy of every chromosome. –Have 22 autosomes + 1 sex chromosome = 23 chromosomes each 23

10. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis You have two types of specialized cells: Somatic cells Germ cells Undergo mitosis body cells Diploid 46 chromosomes Identical to parent cell Undergo meiosis Cells in reproductive organs (ovaries/testies) Become gametes (sperm/eggs) Haploid 23 chromosomes Each are Unique

11. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis You have two types of chromosomes: Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes

12. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Chromosome pairs 1-22 are called autosomes Contain genes not directly related to your gender

13. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Pair #23=Sex chromosomes: X and Y determine gender Control the development of sexual characteristics XX= female XY= male XX XY

14. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Points to Ponder 1.Where are germ cells located in the human body (2 places) 2.Do you think that Y chromosomes contain genes that are critical for an organism’s survival? Explain.

15. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Points to Ponder 1.Where are germ cells located in the human body (2 places) In the reproductive organs: The ovaries in women and the testes in men. 2. Do you think that Y chromosomes contain genes that are critical for an organism’s survival? Explain. No, a Y chromosome is not necessary for survival. Females do not have a Y chromosome, and they are able to survive.

16. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 67 Topic: 6.1 Mitosis vs. Meiosis Essential Questions: 1.Does mitosis or meiosis occur more frequently in your body? Explain. 2.Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis (pg. 67) 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 1.Does mitosis or meiosis occur more frequently in your body? Explain. 2.Draw a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis 6.1 Mitosis vs. Meiosis

17. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Mitosis= makes more diploid cells. Produces genetically identical cells Results in diploid cells (46 chromosomes each) Takes place throughout an organism’s lifetime Involved in asexual reproduction Somatic (body) Cells

18. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis 2 identical daughter cells DNA replicates *Draw on pg. 74

19. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Meiosis= makes haploid cells (23) from diploid germ cells (46). –produces gametes (sperm/eggs) –Produces genetically unique cells –Takes place only at certain times in an organism’s life cycle –Involved in sexual reproduction –Germ cells

20. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis *Draw on pg. 74 4 haploid (23) unique daughter cells (diploid- 46) Germ cell

21. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Make a double-bubble Map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis on Pg. 67.

22. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Please open your book to page 172 Please read the Genetic Data information Interpret the second bar graph and answer the 3 questions on the bottom of pg. 74 Title it “Genetic Data Chromosome Interpretation”

23. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Y- axis Dependent variable X- axis Independent variable Diploid # of Chromosomes in Various Organisms 10 20 40 4955 210

24. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis 1.King crab; fruit fly 2.No. A porpoise is much bigger than a king crab, and has far less chromosomes. A potato is only 3 chromosomes off from human, and far smaller. 3.Yes. Chromosomes need to be able to fit in the nucleus.

25. 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Homework: Due by Friday11/08!!!! Work on vocab on pg. 68-69 of INB You need each vocab word- as well as a mini pic and description 6.1 Sexual reproduction Fertilization Meiosis 6.4 Gene Allele Homozygous Heterozygous Genome Genotype Phenotype Dominant Recessive 6.2 Sperm Egg 6.3 Traits Genetics Purebred