1. HELPING VERBS Action verbs often need “help”-ing verbs Don’t show action Help form tense (time of action) Grammar Lesson 6

2. Write down and memorize the List of Helping Verbs Is, Am, Are, Was, Were, Be, Being, Been, Has, Have, Had, May, Might, Must, Can, Could, Do, Does, Did, Shall, Will, Should, Would

3. Grammar Lesson 6 Verb Phrase Action Verb + Any Helping Verbs Phrase – multiple words that go together Example – A common verbs “love & hate” I hate the Beatles! I should hate the Beatles! You might be hating the wrong band.

4. Grammar Lesson 6 Write the verb phrase of each: 1.Albert might have stolen my phone. 2.He is stealing my heart. 3.Cars should slow down during school. 4.We could have drowned today! 5.Might cats lick their paws?

5. Grammar Lesson 7 4 BASIC FORMS of NOUNS Singular Plural Compound Possessive

6. Grammar Lesson 7 NOUNS: Person, Place, Thing, Idea Singular – names only one Plural – names more than one Compound – noun w/ 2 or more words Possessive – tells who or what owns a particular thing using (adding) an apostrophe + s Marhall’s head

7. Grammar Lesson 7 THE FOUR NOUN GENDERS Masculine – brother, father, rooster Feminine – sister, mother, hen Indefinite – sibling, parent, chicken Neuter – pizza, shoe, car, game

8. Grammar Lesson 7 Tell whether the noun is singular or plural 6.Gun 7.Moose 8.Cheerleaders

9. Grammar Lesson 7 Write the possessive noun(s) from this: 8. The ballroom dancer’s uniforms have their names on the back. Write if the noun is masculine, feminine, indefinite or neuter: 9. Deer 10. Buck

10. Future Tense An action that has not yet occurred. Usually w/ helping verbs shall or will. With pronouns I and we, shall is the appropriate choice He will pass vs I shall pass Grammar Lesson 8

11. Errors to Avoid – Future Tense: Don’t use the present for future tense No: Next week, we play the 49ers. Yes: Next week, we will play the 49ers. No: The committee decides the seeds tomorrow. Yes: The committee will decide the seeds tomorrow.

12. Lesson 8 Questions Write the verb phrase and label present, past or future tense: 11.Each teams keeps their own game stats. 12.Last year, the officials kept the game stats. 13.Shall I keep the game stats tomorrow?

13. Lesson 8 Questions Write the correct form of the verb: 14.Someday, I (future of read) The Mazerunner. Fill blank with will or shall as needed: 15.I really do believe that they ______ stop ISIS and ISIL from attacking.

14. Grammar Lesson 9 Capitalization: I, Poetry, Titles, Outlines and Quotations 1.I = Always, nor matter what, period. I am so excited to go to Star Wars! 2.Poetry = 1 st word in each line unless the author chooses not to (for effect)

15. Grammar Lesson 9 Capitalization: 3.Titles 1.First and last word – no matter what 2.The short words a, an, and, the, but, or, for, nor 3.Prepositions that are four letters or less Stand and Deliver Life on the Mississippi War and Peace The Empire Strikes Back

16. Grammar Lesson 9 Capitalization: IV.Outlines a.Roman Numerals b.First letter of each topic c.First letter of first word in each sentence

17. Grammar Lesson 9 Capitalization: 5.Quotations a.The first word of a dialogue quotation He was like, “Could you slow down a little?” b.If interrupted, the first word is not capitalized “Could you slow down”, I cried “just a little?”

18. Grammar Lesson 9 Rewrite, capitalizing as appropriate: 16.How can i become a better student? 17.My essay is titled: “syrian refugees need a chance” 18.i. reasons my essay will rock a.great hook b.clear thesis

19. Grammar Lesson 9 Fill in the blank according to the rule: 19.The ______ and ______ words of a title should always be capitalized. 20.When it comes to prepositions, if they are ______ letters or shorter, you do not capitalize them.

20. Grammar Lesson 10 Irregular Plural Pronouns – Part 1: 1.Never form plurals using an apostrophe, but adding the letter s (student – students) 2.Irregular Nouns – Add es when these end in s, sh, ch, x, z (like present tense verbs) ditch – ditches fox - foxes

21. Grammar Lesson 10 Irregular Plural Pronouns – Part 1: 3.If ending in ay, ey, oy, or uy, add the letter s turkey–turkeys buoy–buoys toy-toys 4.If ending in consonant + y, change y to i and add es, unless it’s a name candy–candies taffy-taffies Tommy-Tommys

22. Grammar Lesson 10 Write the plural of each singular noun: 21.hoax 22.perch 23.penny 24.glass 25.birthday