1. Major Structures of the Leaf 1. Dermis (waxy cuticle) – outermost tissue of leaf outermost tissue of leaf that functions to keep that functions to keep water inside the leaf. water inside the leaf. 2. Epidermis – Covers the upper & lower surfaces of a leaf. & lower surfaces of a leaf. 3. Mesophyll – moist spongy tissue inside the leaf that contains cells that inside the leaf that contains cells that photosynthesize & a system of veins. photosynthesize & a system of veins. 4. Stomates – openings in the lower epidermis for gas exchange. epidermis for gas exchange.

2. Major Structures of the Leaf 5. Guard cells – cells that open & close the stomates, & close the stomates, letting carbon dioxide letting carbon dioxide in & oxygen out. in & oxygen out. 6. Veins – contain xylem, phloem, & supporting phloem, & supporting tissue. tissue. -Water & minerals enter leaf through xylem. -Glucose made in the leaf exits through the phloem

3. Major Structures of the Flower 1. Sepal – a leaf at the base of the flower that base of the flower that covers the bud & protects covers the bud & protects the developing flower the developing flower parts as they grow. parts as they grow. 2. Petals – the usually colorful, leaf-like appendages on a flower that attract pollinators (bees, flies, birds, etc). 3. Anther – the structure of the stamen that produces pollen.

4. Major Structures of the Flower 4. Pollen – the reproductive grains produced by the anther in a plant; the male gametophyte that carries sperm. 5. Filament – the structure of the stamen that supports the anther. 6. Stamen – the male structure of a flowering plant that produces pollen.

5. Major Structures of the Flower 7. Pistil – the female structure of a flowering plant that produces eggs. 8. Stigma – the sticky structure of the pistil on which pollen grains land & germinate. 9. Style – the structure of the pistil connecting the stigma to the ovary. 10. Ovary – in plants, the structure that contains maturing ovules and develops into a fruit. 11. Ovules – structures in seed plants consisting of an egg inside protective cells; develop into seeds.