Bell RingerDate: December 1 st, 2015 1) Copy down your homework for tonight, You have Quiz Tomorrow. PAY ATTENTION TODAY!! 2) Take out your Bell Ringers.

Bell RingerDate: December 1 st, 2015 1) Copy down your homework for tonight, You have Quiz Tomorrow. PAY ATTENTION TODAY!! 2) Take out your Bell Ringers 11/30 - 12/4 for this week and answer this question. Question: Do you believe a Constitution is necessary for every government? Why or why not?

WANTED : A “Just Right” Government

Wanted: A government that… much Has enough ________ to do its job Has enough ________ to do its job Doesn’t give anyone too ______ power Doesn’t give anyone too ______ power Considers the needs of all _________ Considers the needs of all _________ Lets people have a ________ Lets people have a ________ Protects individual __________ Protects individual __________ say states power rights

In 1777, the Americans wrote their first plan for government in a document called the Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation? What’s a confederation?? A confederation is a _________ of individuals _______ together for a _________. The First Attempt: The Articles of Confederation group united purpose

Each state was _________________ and had its own ________________. Each state was _________________ and had its own ________________. Each state would send _______________ to the “Congress of the Confederation.” Each state would send _______________ to the “Congress of the Confederation.” The Congress was the only ____________ government. There was no ___________. The Congress was the only ____________ government. There was no ___________. In Congress, each state got _______ vote. In Congress, each state got _______ vote. independent government representatives central President one

Congress had no way to __________ its _______! Congress had no way to __________ its _______! Congress had no power to collect _________ to pay for the military! Congress had no power to collect _________ to pay for the military! The Articles could only be _________ if ______ the states agreed! The Articles could only be _________ if ______ the states agreed! States get to keep their ______ and ____________ States get to keep their ______ and ____________ No _____________ telling the states what to do No _____________ telling the states what to do Congress had the power to create a _________ to ________all the states Congress had the power to create a _________ to ________all the states The First Attempt: The Articles of Confederation Hey, this sounds great!Wait! Not so fast… independencepower government military protect enforcelaws taxes changed ALL

Under the Articles of Confederation, a President would lead the country.  True  False

States would be independent under the Articles of Confederation.  True  False

 True  False The Articles of Confederation were easy to change.

 True  False The more people a state had, the more votes it got in Congress.

Congress did not have the power to collect taxes.  True  False

Congress could pass laws and force states to follow them.  True  False

The Articles of Confederation created the first American government.  True  False

There were some good things and some bad things about the Articles of Confederation. In general, people felt like the government wasn’t working! Congress is too weak to end the conflicts between our states!

But there was no easy solution… Large states should have more say! Small states should have more say! More help for fishermen! More help for farmers! Up with central government! Down with central government! We need a President! Who needs a President?

States Had Different Needs Some states depended on, while others mostly grew. fishing crops

States Had Different Sizes Some states had people, while others had. many few

People Had Different Opinions Some people Others thought a central government was. feared necessary a central government. A central government will have too much power! We’ll lose our freedom! But we’ll never get anything done if no one is in charge!!

Everybody thought the central government should have more power.  True  False

Some people were afraid states might lose their independence.  True  False

Different states had different needs for government to meet.  True  False

The states all got along with each other.  True  False

The government created by the Articles of Confederation had everything under control among the states.  True  False

Something needed to change, but people didn’t want a central government to have too much power!

The states decided to put aside some of their differences and come together to try to solve the problem of forming a new government…

Articles of Confederation New Idea A New Idea! 1 Branch Legislative—makes laws 3 Branches

A New Idea! Legislative: Makes laws Judicial: Interprets laws Executive: Carries out laws But Wait! How many should each state get in the legislature? votes

Each state gets to send representatives to the legislature. Which states would have the most power if… The more people a state had, the more representatives it got? The more people a state had, the more representatives it got? Answer: The more people, the more power!

Each state gets to send representatives to the legislature. Which states would have the most power if… Each state got one vote, no matter how small? Each state got one vote, no matter how small? Answer: People in the small states would have more power.

The Virginia Plan The New Jersey Plan Battle of the Plans Legislative branch has ___ “chambers” Legislative branch has ___ “chambers” Number of votes for each state depends on the state’s ___________ Number of votes for each state depends on the state’s ___________ ________ states would have more power ________ states would have more power population 2 Larger Legislative branch has ___ “chamber” Legislative branch has ___ “chamber” Each state gets ___ vote Each state gets ___ vote ________ states would have more power ________ states would have more power 1 Smaller 1 (Virginia was a large state, and New Jersey was a small state. Surprise!)

 All states should have the same power  Larger states should have more power Is it more fair for every state to have the same amount of power no matter how few people live there, or should states with more people have more power? WHY?

There were a lot of differences to overcome and a lot of compromises to make…but finally… The Constitution of the United States of America

Legislative: Makes laws Judicial: Interprets laws Executive: Carries out laws Divide Congress Into Two Houses Senate House of Representatives Each state gets 2 votes. The more people the state has, the more votes it gets! And that’s not all… The Constitution Solution

Not only did the Constitution resolve the problem of the legislature, but it solved some other problems as well…

Did the Articles of Confederation require states to treat other states the same as their own citizens?  Yes  No

The Constitution requires each state to treat ________ of other states the ______ as it treats its own citizens. citizens same The Constitution Solution

How many states had to agree in order for the Articles of Confederation to be changed?  All states  A majority of states

The Constitution can be changed if ________________ of the members of Congress and ________________ of the states agree. two-thirds (2/3) three-fourths (3/4) The Constitution Solution

Did the Articles of Confederation require states to follow the laws Congress passed?  Yes  No

The Constitution says that the laws passed by Congress are _________ to laws passed by the _______. superior states The Constitution Solution

The new Americans made compromises and found solutions for their new government. Let’s review the final product of the Constitutional Convention!

A Laws are made by the _______ branch. B executive legislative

Laws passed by Congress are _____ to state laws. superior inferior AB

Congress has ______. 1 chamber 2 chambers AB

Each state gets two votes in the __________. House of Representatives Senate AB

In the House of Representatives, the number of votes each states gets is based on its ________. population taxes AB

A change to the Constitution must be approved by ___________. All states ¾ of states AB

Although they managed to solve the problems created by the Articles, there were still many decisions to be made before everyone accepted the Constitution!

Quiz Time!! 1) Take out a sheet of paper 2) Title it Chapter 7 Review Quiz – E7 3) Number your sheet 1-16 For the following pre-quiz, write down the letter for the answer for each question. 1) Take out a sheet of paper 2) Title it Chapter 7 Review Quiz – E7 3) Number your sheet 1-16 For the following pre-quiz, write down the letter for the answer for each question.

Question #1 1) What was the first Constitution of the United States? A) The Declaration of Independence B) The Bill of Rights C) The Articles of Confederation D) The Magna Carta

Question #2 2) __________ = rules under which a government will operate. A) Compromise B) Legislature C) Execute D) Constitution

Question #3 3) Why were the Articles of Confederation weak? A) There wasn’t a federal government B) No way to collect taxes C) Each state didn’t follow it D) Each state couldn’t have its own government

Question #4 4) One obstacle to approving the Articles of Confederation was that? A) some states did not want to give up their claims to land west of the Appalachian Mountains. B) most states objected to a one-house legislature. C) some states did not want to give a lot of power to Congress. D) most states preferred to stay independent.

Question #5 5) What is one reason many people called for changes to the Articles of Confederation? A) The opposed the Northwest Ordinance B) They wanted a plan of government made up of two branches C) They believed that a weak central government was ineffective D) They thought the state governments were too weak

Question #6 6) How did Shays’ Rebellion encourage people to push for a plan to revise the Articles of Confederation? A) It made people worry about how a weak central government might respond to future rebellions B) It gave members of the rebellion more political power C) It encouraged farmers to petition state government for economic relief D) It convinced leaders of the importance of individual rights and freedom of speech

Question #7 7) __________ = agreement in which each side gives up some demands A) Compromise B) Legislature C) Execute D) Constitution

Question #8 8) To fix the problems of the Articles of Confederation, two plans were put forward, they were called… A) The New Jersey & Virginia Plan B) The New Jersey & Great Compromise C) The Georgia & Virginia Plan D) The Great Compromise & 3/5 th’s Plan

Question #9 A) The Great Compromise B) The Bill of Rights C) The Articles of Confederation D) The Northwest Ordinance 9) Which of these resolved the conflict between the two plans of government shown in the diagram?

Question #10 A) No judicial branch of government B) One branch of government C) No executive branch of government D) The same number of votes per state 10) Which of these could appear under the New Jersey Plan in the diagram?

Question #11 11) Why did some people oppose ratification of the Constitution? A) It did not include protection of individual rights. B) It eliminated state governments. C) It made slavery illegal. D) It failed to include checks and balances.

Question #12 12) How did the Bill of Rights become part of the Constitution? A) It was agreed upon in the Great Compromise. B) It was copied from a number of state constitutions. C) It was approved by all the delegates at the Constitutional Convention. D) It was added through the amendment process.

Question #13 13) Under the Bill of Rights, which of the following is NOT protected? A) freedom of speech B) freedom of the military C) freedom of religion D) freedom of the press

Question #14 A) Smaller states have more power than larger states B) States should have the right to ignore national legislation C) States in the same region can form alliances to defeat actions of other regions D) Individuals states have too much power to form a true union 14) Which statement BEST reflects Noah Webster’s position in the above quotation? So long as any individual state has power to defeat the measures of the other twelve, our pretended union is but a name.” - Noah Webster, New England Schoolteacher

Question #15 15) The opening phrase of the Constitution, “We, the people,” means that the Constitution gets its authority from the… A) Executive branch B) State legislature C) Citizens D) Congress

Question #16 16) What did most state constitutions have that the original U.S. Constitution did not have? A) Bill of Rights B) Legislature C) Power to declare war D) Power to make laws

Review Question #1 1) What was the first Constitution of the United States? A) The Declaration of Independence B) The Bill of Rights C) The Articles of Confederation D) The Magna Carta

Question #2 2) __________ = rules under which a government will operate. A) Compromise B) Legislature C) Execute D) Constitution

Question #3 3) Why were the Articles of Confederation weak? A) There wasn’t a federal government B) No way to collect taxes C) Each state didn’t follow it D) Each state couldn’t have its own government

Question #4 4) One obstacle to approving the Articles of Confederation was that? A) some states did not want to give up their claims to land west of the Appalachian Mountains. B) most states objected to a one-house legislature. C) some states did not want to give a lot of power to Congress. D) most states preferred to stay independent. most states preferred to stay independent.