1. Exam Information Multiple Choice: 30 True/False: 20 Matching: 26 (Vocabulary) Short Answer: Four questions, 2-3 sentences.

2. Animal Farm vs. Russian Revolution British/American Literature Review

3. ● Mr. Jones ◦ Irresponsible to his animals (beats them) ◦ Sometimes cruel; letting them starve ◦ Sometimes kind; mixing milk in animals’ food Animal Farm

4. ● Czar Nicholas II ◦ Poor leader as compared to other Monarchs ◦ Cruel: Sometimes brutal with political opponents ◦ Sometimes kind: Hired starving students to work as spies Russian Revolution

5. ● Old Major ◦ Taught Animalism ◦ Workers do the work, rich keep the money, animals revolt ◦ Dies before the Revolution takes place Animal Farm

6. ● Karl Marx ◦ Invented Communism ◦ “Workers of the World Unite” – take over the economy (factories and farms) and thus the government ◦ Dies before the Russian Revolution Russian Revolution

7. ● Animalism ◦ No social classes; no rich, but no poor ◦ Workers get a better life; all animals are equal ◦ Animals own the farm Animalism

8. ● Communism ◦ No social classes; no rich and no poor ◦ All people are equal ◦ Government owns everything & the people own the government Russian Revolution

9. ● Snowball ◦ Young, smart, good speaker, idealistic ◦ Really wants to make life better for all ◦ One of the leaders of the Revolution ◦ Chased away into exile from Napoleon’s dogs Animal Farm

10. ● Leon Trotsky ◦ Other leader of October Revolution ◦ Pure communist, followed Marx ◦ Wanted to Improve life for all in Russia ◦ Chased away by Lenin’s KGB (secret police) Russian Revolution

11. ● Napoleon ◦ Not a good speaker, not as smart as Snowball ◦ Cruel, brutal, selfish, devious, corrupt ◦ Ambition for power, killed opponents ◦ Used dog, Moses, and Squealer, to control the animals Animal Farm

12. ● Stalin ◦ Not a good speaker, not as educated as Trotsky ◦ Didn’t follow Marx’s ideas ◦ Cared for power only; killed his opponents ◦ Used KGB & allowed the Church, propagandized Russian Revolution

13. ● Squealer ◦ Big Mouth, talks a lot ◦ Convinces animals to believe and follow Napoleon ◦ Changes and manipulates the commandments Animal Farm

14. ● Ministry of Information ◦ Worked for Stalin to support his image ◦ Used any lie that would support Stalin ◦ Benefited from government control of education Russian Revolution

15. ● The Dogs ◦ A Private army that used fear to force animals to work ◦ Killed or intimidated any opponent of Napoleon’s ◦ Essential part of Napoleon’s strategy to control the animals Animal Farm

16. ● KGB – The Secret Police ◦ Not really police, but enforcers used to support Stalin ◦ Used force: often killed entire families for disobedience ◦ Totally loyal to Lenin, Stalin, etc, more so than the military KGB

17. ● Moses the Raven ◦ Tells animals about Sugar Candy Mountain – Heaven ◦ Animals can go there if they work hard ◦ Snowball & Major were against him  They thought Sugar Candy Mountain was a lie to make the animals work ◦ Napoleon let him stay because he taught the animals to work and not complain Animal Farm

18. ● Religion ◦ Marx said religion was the “opiet of the masses” ◦ Designed to teach people to not complain about their lot in life (Why complain, soon you’ll be in heaven.) ◦ Stalin allowed religion to calm down the discontent of the people Russian Revolution

19. ● Mollie ◦ Was Vain – loved her beauty & herself ◦ Didn’t think about animal farm ◦ Went with anyone that gave her what she wanted Animal Farm

20. ● The wealthy or upper-class Russians ◦ Some people didn’t care about the Revolution ◦ Only thought of their own self interest ◦ Escaped to other countries that offered more for them Russian Revolution

21. ● Boxer ◦ Strong, hard working horse, believed in Animal Farm ◦ “Napoleon is always right” ◦ “I Will Work Harder” ◦ Gives his all, but is betrayed by Napoleon who sells him to the glue factory Animal Farm

22. ● Dedicated, but tricked supporters of the Revolution ◦ People believed Stalin because he was “Communist” ◦ Many stayed loyal even after Stalin was revealed as a tyrant ◦ Betrayed by Stalin who ignored or killed them Russian Revolution

23. ● Benjamin ◦ Old Wise Donkey who is suspicious of Napoleon ◦ Thinks “Nothing ever changes” – he was right ◦ His suspicions about Boxer being sold to the glue factory and the Commandments being changed were proved true Animal Farm

24. ● Skeptical people of Russia and the outside World ◦ Weren’t sure Revolution would change anything ◦ Realized that a tyrant could call himself a Communist ◦ Knew Communism wouldn’t work with Tyrants Russian Revolution

25. ● Overall details of the Revolution ◦ Was designed to make life better for the animals ◦ Life ended up being far worse ◦ Life was the same or worse under the animals as compared to the humans they rebelled against Animal Farm

26. ● Supposed to fix the problems that existed under the Czar’s rule ● Life was worse after the revolution than before ● Stalin made the Czar look like a nice guy Russian Revolution