1. Ecology in aviation Mjr. Kolísek

2. Highlights of noon‘s entertainment List of major impacts Aviation‘s share in overall pollution Future of green aviation Questions

3. Major environmental impacts Air pollution (Emissions) – greenhouse effect Ground water contamination Soil contamination Noise

4. Pollutants considered to be the most dangerous - so called Greenhouse gases Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) Nitrogen oxides (NO x ) Water vapor (H 2 O) Methane (CH 4 ) Carbon monoxide (CO) and Microscopic particles and related water condensation

5. Do you know that? (the amount of CO 2 produced by different means of TPT per passenger and mile looks like this)

6. No emission regulation so far Growth of air transport Kerosene contains less sulphur compounds (Air-companies doubled its effectiveness of fuel consumption since 1990) Aviation‘s share in emissions today

7. Emissions - future By 2050 – aviation produces 5 - 14% of all emissions of CO 2 ACARE (Advisory Council for Aviation Research) – reduction of CO 2 emissions beween 2001 and 2020 – reduction of NO X by 80% by 2020 Emission allowances (according to Kyoto protocol) – expected ratio 85% for free according performance, 15% redistributed through auction

8. Noise (and its reduction) Noise and vibration -noise protection zone of an airport. – Passive reduction Influence of terrain Influence of vegetation (trees) – Active reduction Design of sources Engine position Higher angle of climb RWY in use (night restriction) Noise reduction during approach Air route design Airframe ans engine design

10. Questions?