1. Geography Antarctica How Cold is Antarctica and why?[Date] Today I will: - Be able to work out the range of world temperatures - Be able to explain why Antarctica is so cold

2. Geography Antarctica Altitude: The height of the land/ altitude helps the intense cold. For every 150 metres the temperature falls by one degree.

3. Geography Antarctica Reflection: The albedo effect is when the sun’s rays are reflected back into the atmosphere.

4. Geography Antarctica Cold Seas: The cold seas which surround Antarctica do not allow warm water to reach the continents.

5. Geography Antarctica Lack of Solar Insolation: The angle of the earth to the sun is tilted 23.5 degrees. In mid-winter the south pole is in darkness for 24 hours a day.

6. Altitude The height of the land or altitude helps the intense cold. For every 150 metres gained in height the temperature falls by 1 degree Celsius. Reflection Cold Seas Lack of Solar Radiation Snow and ice are white and reflect solar radiation. 80% of the sun’s rays are reflected back into space at Antarctica. The cold seas around Antarctica do not allow the warmer water from the north to reach the continent. This is called albedo. In mid-winter the south pole is in darkness for 24 hours a day. The angle of the earth to the sun is tilted 23.5 degrees. At the tropics the rays are more concentrated, whereas at the poles they are more spread out.

7. Geography Antarctica

8. Geography Antarctica Altitude The height of the land or altitude helps the intense cold. For every 150 metres gained in height the temperature falls by 1 degree Celsius. Reflection Cold Seas Lack of Solar Radiation Snow and ice are white and reflect solar radiation. 80% of the sun’s rays are reflected back into space at Antarctica. The cold seas around Antarctica do not allow the warmer water from the north to reach the continent. This is called albedo. In mid-winter the south pole is in darkness for 24 hours a day. The angle of the earth to the sun is tilted 23.5 degrees. At the tropics the rays are more concentrated, whereas at the poles they are more spread out.