1. THE AGE OF JACKSON

2. Missouri Compromise 1820 Missouri territory applied for statehood
Would upset balance btwn slave and free states. In 1819 there were 11 free and 11 slave = equal representation in Congress
Missouri admitted to Union as slave state, Maine admitted as free state to maintain balance.
Banned slavery in Northern part of Louisiana Territory
Feelings of sectionalism in North & South emerging.
36 deg 30 north latitude line

4. Jacksonian Democracy Age of the Common Man/ Age of Jackson
“hero” of New Orleans
first ‘‘western” president
reflected and promoted a wider form of democracy

5. Election of 1824/Corrupt Bargain
Four Candidates: Crawford, Jackson, Clay, Adams
No Majority in electoral college
John Quincy Adams wins in House of Representatives
Clay appointed Secretary of State
CLAY
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS

6. Election of 1828
Jackson v. Adams rematch
Mudslinging,
“corrupt bargain”
Rachel Jackson
Jackson landslide victory

7. Indian Removal Farmlands becoming scarce in East
Prejudice against Native Americans
“5 civilized tribes” in east – Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw,
Seminole, and Creek
Adopted aspects of
European & American
culture

8. Indian Removal Act
1830 Jackson determines relocate nations so southeast open white settlement
Relocate to area west of Mississippi River = Indian Territory (present Oklahoma)

9. The March
US army supervise Choctaw, Creek, Chickasaw hundreds of miles walk
Malnutrition, disease, etc. led to ¼ to die of Choctaw & Creek

10. Seminole fight back, never officially defeated
Descendants live in Florida today

11. The Trail of Tears Cherokee fought in American court system
Sued federal government, claim had right to be respected as a foreign country
1831 case reach supreme court
John Marshall refuse to hear case
Cherokee had no right to bring suit b/c neither citizens or foreign country

12. Worcester v Georgia
Samuel Austin Worcester white man, teacher, friend Cherokee
State of Georgia ordered Worcester to leave Cherokee land, he refused and brought on suit on behalf of self & Cherokee
1832 Marshall decision
Ruled against Georgia, denying them right to take Cherokee lands
Jackson outraged “John Marshall has made his decision now let him enforce it”

13. Cherokee herded by US army
Cherokee who favored relocation sign treaty w US gov/ to get around court ruling
Cherokee herded by US army
16000 forced to leave homes
4000 died on march
Hunger, exposure, disease, and bandits
TRAIL OF TEARS

15. National Bank Second Bank of the United States
Nat’l bank overseen by federal government
Established 1816 w/20 year charter
Purpose regulate state banks
Had grown since 1st bank of US gone in 1811

16. The “Monster” that must be “Killed”
Jackson thought Const. not give authority Congress make bank
Opponents– his supporters– saw that state banks give loans to poorer farmers in South & West
National Bank devoted to interests wealthy northern corp.

17. Henry Clay & Daniel Webster (Nat’l Republicans) 1832 summer introduce bill to renew charter
Timing of bill during election year intentional
Jackson veto bill
Clay challenged Jackson for presidency

18. Jackson re-elected
Jackson ordered secretary Treasury to take $$ out of the national bank and deposit it into select state banks – “pet banks” as they came to be called by critics
1836 Second Bank of United States reduced to just another state bank

19. States Rights
Controversy over 2nd Nat’l Bank largely dispute over division power between federal gov and state gov

20. Tariff Controversy
1816, 1824, 1828 Congress tariff on British manufactured goods – encourage Americans purchase American goods
Agricultural states in south hate tariff – forced to buy more expensive northern goods than cheaper British goods
Southern states exporting cotton to Britain oppose interference internat’l trade

21. Nullification Theory Drove wedge btwn Jackson and VP John C. Calhoun
Calhoun believed benefit northern states at expense southern states
Southerners called 1828 tariff the Tariff of Abominations
Calhoun supported idea that state could nullify or reject any law passed by Congress that state thought violated Constitution or was not in best interests of state

22. The Hayne-Webster Debate
One of most famous debates US history
1830 btwn Senator Robert Hayne of SC and Senator Daniel Webster of MA
Hayne = federal gov is an agreement among states and nullification gave states lawful way to protest federal legislation
Webster = US is one nation not an agreement of states “Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!”

23. Nullification Crisis
1832 Congress passed another tariff = test nullification theory
SC declared tariff null and void & threatened to secede Union if fed gov’t tried to enforce it
Calhoun resigned VP & became senator of SC
“I consider the power to annul a law of the United States, assumed by one state, incompatible with the existence of the Union” - Jackson

24. Jackson received power from Congress to use military force to collect tariff from SC
Henry Clay compromise = tariffs reduced over period of ten years
Nullification and states rights will be raised again very soon

25. Andrew Jackson Political Cartoon or Caricature, and an Acrostic Poem
You must represent Jackson and:
Bank War
Nullification Crisis
Indian Removal Act
Use color, imagery, words, etc. A N D R E
Withdrew J C K S O