1. Jump to first page The -Um Verb An actor Focus Verb

2. Jump to first page The -um Verb n Indicates that the actor or doer of the action is the topic/focus of the sentence n -um is infixed before the first vowel of the verb root. n Upo - umupo n tayo - tumayo

3. Jump to first page Notes about -Um n Um verbs have the same form to express both command and the completed aspect (past tense) n Command: u Tumayo ka! You stand up! u Tumayo siya. She/He stood up.

4. Jump to first page Giving Commands n Positive Command u Verb + ang pronoun u Tumayo ka! n Negative Command u Huwag +ang pronoun+-ng + -um verb u Huwag kang tumayo!

5. Jump to first page Sentence Structure n Ba question u kumain ka ba? n Completed Aspect/Past Statement u Oo, kumain ako. u Hindi, hindi ako kumain n Ano ang ginawa mo? u Sumayaw ako.

6. Jump to first page n Ano ang ginawa ni Ben? u Lumabas siya. n Ano ang ginawa nina Tim at Don? u Tumakbo sila sa labas. n Ano ang ginawa ng estudyante? u Bumasa siya ng Tagalog