1. Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration
Lesson Overview
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration

2. Overview of Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration - process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen; breaks down sugar to make energy (ATP)

3. Overview of Cellular Respiration
If oxygen is present, organisms can break down food to make energy
The summary of cellular respiration is presented below.
________ + _________ → ________ + ________ + ________
**** Equation look familiar???

4. Stages of Cellular Respiration
The three main stages of cellular respiration are:
1. glycolysis (no O required)
2. Krebs cycle
3. electron transport chain
(ETC)

5. GLYCOLYSIS – 1st stage of C.R.
Takes place with or without oxygen
Glycolysis produces ONLY 2 ATP!
2 NADH molecules are produced
GLUCOSE changes into PYRUVIC ACID (which is used in Krebs cycle)
Takes place in the cytoplasm

6. ENERGY Production in GLYCOLYSIS
NADH carries electrons to the ETC, where they can be converted to ATP
For every 1 NADH, 3 ATP are made

7. The Advantages of Glycolysis
Glycolysis produces ATP very fast
Glycolysis does not require oxygen

8. GLYCOLYSIS

9. 2nd Stage of Cellular Respiration – KREBS CYCLE (Citric Acid Cycle)
Pyruvic acid changes into acetyl coA (2-C molecule)
Citric Acid is starting compound of cycle
Products of cycle are ATP, NADH, and FADH2 (and CO2, which gets released)
Takes place in mitochondrial matrix (fluid of mitochondria)

10. KREBS CYCLE TOTALS
For each glucose molecule that enters, the cycle goes through twice
6 CO2
2 ATP
8 NADH
2 FADH2
1. CO2 released
2. ATP used as energy
3. NADH/FADH2 go to ETC to get converted into ATP

11. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
The electron transport chain produces a lot of ATP
Chemiosmosis, like in the _______________________
of photosynthesis, creates the ATP
Takes place in the mitochondrial membrane

12. Electron Transport
NADH and FADH2 pass their high-energy electrons to electron carrier proteins in the electron transport chain
Creates a H+ gradient to produce ATP using ATP synthase (enzyme used to make ATP)

13. Electron Transport CONVERSION: For each 1 NADH, 3 ATP are made;
for each 1 FADH2, 2 ATP are made

14. ENERGY TOTALS FOR AEROBIC RESPIRATION
GLYCOLYSIS (Cytosol)
2 ATP
2 NADH
KREBS CYCLE (Matrix) TOTAL ATP PRODUCTION IN RESPIRATION =
2 ATP ATP
8 NADH
2 FADH2
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (Inner Membrane)
10 NADH = 30 ATP
2FADH2 = 4 ATP

15. QUICK REVIEW OF AEROBIC RESPIRATION
GLYCOLYSIS
KREBS CYCLE
ETC
LOCATION
STARTING REACTANTS
ENDING PRODUCTS
# OF ATP PRODUCED
OXYGEN REQUIRED??

16. FERMENTATION – NO OXYGEN REQUIRED
The Krebs cycle and ETC are both aerobic (requires oxygen) processes.
Glycolysis is an anaerobic (does not require oxygen) process.
**Fermentation – both regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis; not part of “respiration”
1. Alcoholic – CO2 and alcohol; plants, yeast
2. Lactic Acid – lactic acid; animals

17. Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? ?