1. ABC 7

4. What did we learn about broadcast journalism at ABC 7?

5. Lessons from Gene Ross

6. Gene Ross Get internships, mainly in college

7. Gene Ross Get internships, mainly in college You will start in a small market

8. Gene Ross Get internships, mainly in college You will start in a small market TV news also isn’t doing that great

9. Gene Ross Get internships, mainly in college You will start in a small market TV news also isn’t doing that great You’ll want to major in broadcast journalism to have a shot

10. Gene Ross Get internships, mainly in college You will start in a small market TV news also isn’t doing that great You’ll want to major in broadcast journalism to have a shot Challenge for all “dinosaur” media is how to monetize their internet presence

11. And so we bid adieu to broadcast

12. Trends in journo

13. Are newspapers vanishing?

22. The First Amendment Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; of the right of the people peaceably to assemble; and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

23. The First Amendment “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; of the right of the people peaceably to assemble; and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.”

24. Why freedom of press? SCOTUS 1957: “..unfettered interchange of ideas for bringing about the political and social changes desired by the people.”

25. Why freedom of press? SCOTUS 1957: “..unfettered interchange of ideas for bringing about the political and social changes desired by the people.” Free flow of ideas is necessary in a democracy (is the U.S.?) because people who govern themselves need to know about their government and those who run it

26. Why freedom of press? SCOTUS 1957: “..unfettered interchange of ideas for bringing about the political and social changes desired by the people.” Free flow of ideas is necessary in a democracy (is the U.S.?) because people who govern themselves need to know about their government and those who run it FOIA (Freedom of Information Act): 1966 federal law makes it easier to get at government records.

28. Why freedom of press? SCOTUS 1957: “..unfettered interchange of ideas for bringing about the political and social changes desired by the people.” Free flow of ideas is necessary in a democracy (is the U.S.?) because people who govern themselves need to know about their government and those who run it FOIA (Freedom of Information Act): 1966 federal law makes it easier to get at government records. All states including Florida have open-records and open-meetings laws

29. Top 10 nations with freest press?

30. Finland, Norway, Estonia, Netherlands, Austria, Iceland, Luxemburg, Switzerland, Cape Verde, Canada

31. Top 10 nations with freest press? Finland, Norway, Estonia, Netherlands, Austria, Iceland, Luxemburg, Switzerland, Cape Verde, Canada U.S. is 47th

32. Worst nations?

34. So we’re pretty much free to print or broadcast anything, right?

35. Can’t ignore a judge’s order to, for example, not print a rape victim’s name

36. So we’re pretty much free to print or broadcast anything, right? Can’t ignore a judge’s order to, for example, not print a rape victim’s name Violating copyright laws

37. So we’re pretty much free to print or broadcast anything, right? Can’t ignore a judge’s order to, for example, not print a rape victim’s name Violating copyright laws Pornography or obscene materials and language

38. So we’re pretty much free to print or broadcast anything, right? Can’t ignore a judge’s order to, for example, not print a rape victim’s name Violating copyright laws Pornography or obscene materials and language Military secrets, stolen memos

39. So we’re pretty much free to print or broadcast anything, right? Can’t ignore a judge’s order to, for example, not print a rape victim’s name Violating copyright laws Pornography or obscene materials and language Military secrets, stolen memos Threats to assassinate President

40. So we’re pretty much free to print or broadcast anything, right? Most of the laws limiting the absolute freedom of the press are related to libel

41. So we’re pretty much free to print or broadcast anything, right? Most of the laws limiting the absolute freedom of the press are related to libel Libel: the damage to a person’s reputation caused by making the person an object of hatred, contempt or ridicule in the eyes of a substantial and respectable group

42. So we’re pretty much free to print or broadcast anything, right? Most of the laws limiting the absolute freedom of the press are related to libel Libel: the damage to a person’s reputation caused by making the person an object of hatred, contempt or ridicule in the eyes of a substantial and respectable group Dictionary def: “defamation by written or printed words, pictures, or in any form other than by spoken words or gestures”

43. Libel vs slander Slander: saying of something false and damaging: the act or offense of saying something false or malicious that damages somebody's reputation

44. Libel Journalists can libel someone in print, photographs, radio, internet, television or other broadcast

45. Libel Three questions: did it damage the reputation was the accusation false was it published with “actual malice” – knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard for the truth

46. Libel Four standards courts look for to determine damage: did you falsely accuse somebody of crime did you damage a person in his office or occupation did you accuse a person of serious immorality did you accuse somebody of having a nasty disease?

48. Defenses for libel

49. Defenses: The truth “What is truth?” retorted Pilate. With this he went out again to the Jews gathered there and said, “I find no basis for a charge against him…” John 18:38

50. The truth Report no more than you know to be true: Police charged Fred Fernfickle with drunk driving; you don’t know that he was drunk driving.

51. The truth Report no more than you know to be true: Police charged Fred Fernfickle with drunk driving; you don’t know that he was drunk driving. When reporting statements from people you interview, be careful: “Mark Gutsche is a known klepto and also likes to torture defenseless kittens by forcing them to listen to Justin Bieber songs over and over,” Ima Lyre told WLAF-TV.

52. Which brings us to: privilege

53. Privilege: courts allow legislators, judges and government officials the absolute privilege to say anything – true or false – when acting in their official capacity

54. Which brings us to: privilege Privilege: courts allow legislators, judges and government officials the absolute privilege to say anything – true or false – when acting in their official capacity Allows them to speak freely and in the spirit of democracy, mix it up with gusto

55. Which brings us to: privilege Privilege: courts allow legislators, judges and government officials the absolute privilege to say anything – true or false – when acting in their official capacity Allows them to speak freely and in the spirit of democracy, mix it up with gusto Lady Astor to Churchhill: “If I were married to you I’d poison your coffee.”

56. Which brings us to: privilege Privilege: courts allow legislators, judges and government officials the absolute privilege to say anything – true or false – when acting in their official capacity Allows them to speak freely and in the spirit of democracy, mix it up with gusto Lady Astor to Churchhill: “If I were married to you I’d poison your coffee.” Church: “Madam, if I were married to you I’d drink it.”

57. Privilege As a reporter, we have qualified privilege to report what these people say. If a Senator defames someone, as long as we truthfully and completely report it, we are exempt from libel

58. Privilege As a reporter, we have qualified privilege to report what these people say. If a Senator defames someone, as long as we truthfully and completely report it, we are exempt from libel Standards vary, but generally speaking, as long as a politician or gov official is acting in official capacity, we have qualified privilege

59. Fair Comment and Criticism

60. Courts protect editorial writers who savage those in the public eye

61. Fair Comment and Criticism Courts protect editorial writers who savage those in the public eye Includes politicians, actor, sports figures, other public officials and people in the news

62. Fair Comment and Criticism Courts protect editorial writers who savage those in the public eye Includes politicians, actor, sports figures, other public officials and people in the news You are protected as long as you do not misstate facts

63. Fair Comment and Criticism Courts protect editorial writers who savage those in the public eye Includes politicians, actor, sports figures, other public officials and people in the news You are protected as long as you do not misstate facts In practice, you can say anything about political figures and not be charged with libel

68. Assignment 4/1 Do internet search and find three cases where celebrities or politicians successfully won libel cases. Briefly outline the three cases and pick one case to more deeply analyze the legal issues involved. 350 words.

69. Assignment 4/1 Do internet search and find three cases where celebrities or politicians successfully won libel cases. Briefly outline the three cases and pick one case to more deeply analyze the legal issues involved. 350 words. Read pages 135-149 of Inside Reporting