1. Experimental Psychology and Psychics

2. Hermann Helmholtz ( )
MYOGRAPH—”frog curve”

3. Wilhelm Wundt
( )
Principles of
Physiological
Psychology (1873-
1874)
1879—first psychological
laboratory at Leipzig

4. Wundt’s Psychological Laboratory c. 1910

5. Perceiving the Inner World
Inner Perception —formulated by the Austrian philosopher Franz Brentano, in Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint (1874). Indirect noticing of mental events, not active focusing on them, e.g. I attend to a sound.
Introspection or inner observation —an active reflection on the contents of consciousness, e.g. I attend to way I hear the sound.

6. Horizontal Kymograph c. 1916
Brass Instruments Psychology, University of Toronto

7. Hipp Chronoscope

8. Wundt’s Control Hammer
From Titchener’s Photograph Album on Psychological Instruments, 1895, courtesy Max Planck

9. COLOR DISK ROTATORS From: Museum of the History of Psychological
Instrumentation
Eduard Zimmerman Catalog (1903)

10. Tone or Stern Variator c. 1910

11. TACHISTOSCOPE c. 1930
Stoelting, C. H Apparatus, Tests and Supplies for Psychology,
Psychometry, Psychotechnology, Psychiatry, Neurology, Anthropology,
Phonetics, Physiology, and Pharmacology, courtesy, MPIWG

12. “Subject” and “Observer” became standard terms by end of 1900s.
From,Spindler & Hoyer Apparate für psychologische Untersuchungen.,
Max Planck Institute for the History of Science

13. Language, Myth and Custom
Wilhelm Wundt
Ethnic or
Cultural Psychology on
Language, Myth and Custom
(ten volumes)

14. William James ( )
The Principles of Psychology (1890)

15. Psychological Laboratory,Harvard,1893
Nichols, Herbert The Psychological Laboratory at Harvard.
McClure's Magazine: , courtesy MPIWG

16. Münsterberg’s Laboratory, Harvard, c. 1915
From Roback, History of American Psychology, 1952

17. G. Stanley Hall ( )
CHILD STUDY
MOVEMENT

18. American Psychological
Association
founded 1892

19. This method of patience, starving out, and
harassing to death is tried; Nature must submit
to a regular siege, in which minute advantages
gained night and day by the forces that hem her
in must sum themselves at last into her overthrow.
There is little of the grand style about these new
prism, pendulum and galvanometer philosophers.
They mean business, not chivalry.”
(James, North American Review , 1875, p. 200).
Functionalism—Consciousness as serving a function
in the evolutionary process

20. International Psychology Meetings
First international Congress of Psychology Paris, 1889 (hypnosis, and telepathic communication)
Congress of Experimental Psychology, 1892 (some attendees: Francis Galton, Cesare Lombroso, Pierre Janet, even Hermann Helmoltz
Congress of Experimental Psychology, 1896

21. World's Columbian Exposition
Chicago, 1893

22. Spiritualism – in NY State, 1848
The Fox Sisters
The Fox House

23. “The Medium
and
Daybreak”
1875
Spiritualist
Publication

24. Typical Séance

25. courtesy of the Connecticut State Library
Séance Participants,
courtesy of the Connecticut State Library

26. The Mumler Case: Spirit Photographs?
Mrs. French with
her spirit son

27. of his Affianced, sits for his Photograph.
                                    
Mr. DOBBS, at the request
of his Affianced, sits for his Photograph.
Unconsciously happens in at MUMLER'S.
2. Result--Portrait of DOBBS, with his
Five Deceased Wives in Spirituo!!!
Harper's Weekly, May 8, 1869

28. Spirit Photograph, with a Medium,
from Lombroso, After Death What? (1908)

29. FOUNDING MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR PSYCHICAL RESEARCH (1882)
Edmund Gurney, Henry Sedgwick & Frederick Myers

30. Eleanor Sidgwick
Mathematician and
member of the SPR

31. Amateur Thought-Reading Illustrated London News(1889)
from Noakes, 2004

32. Thought-Transference From “Third Report On thought-transference”
Experiment in
Thought-Transference
From “Third Report
On thought-transference”
Society for Psychical
Research
( )
From Noakes, 2004

33. Frederick Myers, Society of Psychical Research—1890s
Subliminal Self: layer of the self just below consciousness, evidenced by trance, hypnotism and automatic writing.
Emanations from this self were not abnormal, and could even be supernormal, or from a wiser self, beyond the everyday, narrow self (examples were Joan of Arc and Socrates).

34. Eusapia Palladino ( )

35. Experiments with Cardiographs, and Recording Cylinder
From, Lombroso, After Death, What? (1908)

36. Luminous Bands in Séances
Table Levitation
Luminous Bands in Séances
From Cesare Lombroso, After Death, What? (1908)

37. Leonore Piper, Medium
( )

38. Overview of Founding of Psychological Societies
British Society for Psychical Research, founded 1882.
American Society for Psychical Research, founded 1884
-- in 1887 formed a committee on experimental psychology.
American Psychological Association founded in 1892.

39. Edward B. Titchener ( )

40. This method of patience, starving out, and
harassing to death is tried; Nature must submit
to a regular siege, in which minute advantages
gained night and day by the forces that hem her
in must sum themselves at last into her overthrow.
There is little of the grand style about these new
prism, pendulum and galvanometer philosophers.
They mean business, not chivalry.”
(James, North American Review , 1875, p. 200).