1. Cold War 1945-1960

2. Ending World War II

3. Ending the War Objectives What was the Purpose of the Yalta Agreement? What impact did America have on Post War Japan? Terms NUREMBERG TRIALS Harry Truman

4. ???? If they split Iowa in half. Which side would live in? Why? You can’t live in the circle

5. YALTA AGREEMENTS Yalta Agreements – 1) They agreed to divide Germany into 4 occupied zones after the war – 2) Stalin agreed to free elections in Eastern Europe – 3) Stalin agreed to help the U.S. in the war against Japan and to join the United Nations Big Three – USSR,UK, USA

6. Creation of two Germanys Green- Pro USA Red- Pro USSR

7. NUREMBERG WAR TRIALS “I was only following orders” 12 of the 24 were sentenced to death and the others to life in prison The Trial – Hitler’s death camps – 24 surviving Nazi leaders on trial for crimes against humanity – The trials were held in Nuremberg, Germany

8. THE OCCUPATION OF JAPAN During the seven- year occupation, – Reshaped Japan’s economy by introducing free-market practices(like the USA) – Introduced a liberal constitution(Voting, like the USA) Japan was occupied by U.S. forces under the command of General MacArthur

9. New Leadership Roosevelt’s Dies Truman in

10. Ending the War Objectives What was the Purpose of the Yalta Agreement? – 1) Divide Germany into 4 occupied zones – 2) Free elections in Eastern Europe – 3) Creation of the United Nations What impact did America have on Post War Japan? – Installed Capitalism – Installed Democracy Terms NUREMBERG TRIALS – Nazi leaders on trial for crimes against humanity Harry Truman – President after FDR

11. Origins of the Cold War

12. Objectives What were the philosophical differences between the USSR and USA – Eastern Europe – German Economy – Ideal Government – Ideal Economy Terms Cold War Harry Truman

13. Which best explains a Cold War? – A. State of hostilities without direct military conflict – B. State of hostilities with leads to war – C. Countries stop trading with each other – D. Peaceful relationships between two countries

14. Which best explains a Cold War? – A. State of hostilities without direct military conflict – B. State of hostilities with leads to war – C. Countries stop trading with each other – D. Peaceful relationships between two countries

15. Origins What is a cold war? Definition: State of hostilities without direct military conflict After WWII the USSR and USA became the two leading super powers in the world

16. Philosophical Differences Eastern Europe – USA- Independence Allow them to vote for leaders – USSR- Soviet Controlled Replace with pro soviet leader – Create a Buffer Zone German Economy – USA- Help Germany Stronger Germany = Weaker USSR – USSR- Hurt Germany Weaker Germany = Stronger USSR

17. Philosophical Differences Ideal Economy – Capitalism- Little Gov’t control – Lassiz Faire Freedom of choices by consumers – Communist Major Gov’t control – Collectivism Lack of choices Ideal Government – Democracy Multiple Parties- People pick leaders – Totalitarian One Party- Party picks leaders

18. Origins of the Cold War Objectives What were the philosophical differences between the USSR and USA – Eastern Europe USA-Independent USSR-Soviet Controlled – German Economy USA-Help USSR-Hurt – Ideal Government USA-Democracy USSR-Totalitarian – Ideal Economy USA-Capitalism USSR-Communism Terms Cold War – Indirect military contact Harry Truman – President after FDR

19. Main Philosophical Differences USAUSSR Eastern EuropeIndependent countries Soviet control German EconomyRebuildKeep it low and unstable Ideal EconomyCapitalismCommunism GovernmentDemocracyTotalitarian

20. Cold War in Europe

21. If America was going to give money to help struggling counties, who should they give it too? A. Countries that are democratic B. Countries that trade with us C. Countries that speak our language D. There should be not criteria- Help anyone

22. Cold War in Europe Objectives What major statement did the USA make with the Truman Doctrine? What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan and who did it mainly help? Terms  Iron Curtain  Berlin Blockade  Berlin Airlift

23. Cold War- Eastern Europe Stalin established communist dictatorships in Soviet occupied countries Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Albania, Czechoslovakia They were puppets of the USSR British Prime Mister- Winston Churchill- “An Iron Curtain has descended across Eastern Europe”

24. Cold War in Southeast Europe Greek Civil War Greek Communist vs. Greek Anti-Communist Truman Doctrine "support free peoples against outside pressures, ” Gave 400 million in economic and military aid Importance USA will support FREE PEOPLE ( Protect Democratic Countries) Against OUTSIDE PRESSURES (USSR/Communism)

25. Premier Nikita Khrushchev USSR RESPONSE “About the capitalist states, it doesn't depend on you whether we (Soviet Union) exist.” “About the capitalist states, it doesn't depend on you whether we (Soviet Union) exist.” “If you don't like us, don't accept our invitations, and don't invite us to come to see you. Whether you like it our not, history is on our side. We will bury you.” -- 1956 “If you don't like us, don't accept our invitations, and don't invite us to come to see you. Whether you like it our not, history is on our side. We will bury you.” -- 1956

26. Cold War in Germany Berlin Blockade USSR Stopped Allies from supplying West Berlin Berlin Airlift Allies sent Berlin supplies by plane Daily for 10 months

27. Berlin Blockade & Airlift (1948-49)

28. USA becomes proactive Western Europe Devastation WWII left cities, towns, and farms in ruins USE AMERICAN MONEY TO STOP COMMUISM Marshall Plan- Europe Recovery Program 13 billion in Relief to western Europe Stronger Western Europe = Stop expansion of communism

29. Marshall Plan Biggest Gainers Britain France Italy W.Germany Netherlands Marshall Plan Clip

30. Example of Recovery

31. Cold War in Europe Objectives What major statement did the USA make with the Truman Doctrine? USA adopts a policy of containment Contain communism Protect capitalism What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan and who did it mainly help? – It provided money and resources to countries after WWII – Mainly to Western Europe Terms Iron Curtain – Fictional European borderline – USSR controls East Berlin Blockade USSR Stopped Allies from supplying West Berlin Berlin Airlift Allied response to blockade Deliver by Air

32. Search for Allies

33. Cold War in Europe Objectives Which regions mainly allied with NATO? Which regions mainly allied within the Warsaw Pact? Terms NATO Warsaw Pact

34. Name two movie characters that are best friends? Name two movie characters that are worst enemies?

35. Cold War in Europe-Search for Allies East/West relationships deteriorate Leads to suspicion Both sides seek military alliances Allies NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization-1951 Pro-America Warsaw Pact – 1955 Pro-USSR

36. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949)  United States  Belgium  Britain  Canada  Denmark  France  Iceland  Italy  Luxemburg  Netherlands  Norway  Portugal  1952: Greece & Turkey  1955: West Germany  1983: Spain

37. Warsaw Pact (1955) }U. S. S. R. }Albania }Bulgaria }Czechoslovakia }East Germany }Hungary }Poland }Rumania

39. Cold War in Europe Objectives Which regions mainly allied with NATO? – USA – Western Europe – Western Hemisphere Which regions mainly allied within the Warsaw Pact? – USSR – Eastern Europe Terms NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization Pro-America Alliance Warsaw Pact Pro-USSR Alliance