4. 1 st Semester Review 100 200 100 200 300 400 500 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 RenaissanceReformationScientific Revolution Enlightenment French Revolution FINAL

5. Renaissance 100 The term “humanism,” when applied to Renaissance Italy, refers primarily to the Scholarly interest in the study of the classical cultures of Greece and Rome

6. Renaissance 200 Advocates of northern humanism believed The fusion of Christian and Classical ideals provides the best definition of virtuous conduct

7. Renaissance 300 The political strength of the Medici family in Florence was initially based on The influence and wealth of their bank

8. Renaissance 400 The application of Renaissance scholarship to questions of ecclesiastical and moral reform describes which philosopher? Erasmus

9. Renaissance 500 The Peace of Lodi in 1454 exemplifies what key Italian Renaissance political concept? A balance of power between multiple, competing territorial states

10. Reformation 100 Made Luther an outlaw within the Holy Roman Empire Edict of Worms

11. Reformation 200 What belief was central to Martin Luther’s religious philosophy? Salvation by faith alone

12. Reformation 300 A major difference between Calvinism and Lutheranism relates to Emphasis on predestination

13. Reformation 400 Recognized the rights of French Protestants Edict of Nantes

14. Reformation 500 Martin Luther initially criticized the Roman Catholic church on the grounds that it Used indulgences as a fund-raising device

15. Scientific Revolution 100 Galileo was found guilty of heresy and condemned by the Inquisition on the grounds that he Publicly advocated Copernicus’ heliocentric system

16. Scientific Revolution 200 Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon contributed to scientific development in the seventeenth century by Articulating theories of the scientific method

17. Scientific Revolution 300 The Scientific Revolution overturned the accepted ideas of which of the following? Aristotle

18. Scientific Revolution 400 Johannes Kepler improved on Copernicus’ theories by Demonstrating that planets have elliptical orbits

19. Scientific Revolution 500 In Newton’s Principia, he demonstrated through his rules of reasoning that the universe was A regulated machine operating according to universal laws.

20. Enlightenment 100 The state is based on a social contract Hobbes and Rousseau would have agreed that

21. Enlightenment 200 Which European rulers are generally identified as “enlightened” monarchs? Joseph II and Catherine the Great

22. Enlightenment 300 John Locke’s philosophy contributed to the development of Enlightenment ideas by arguing that a person’s character was shaped by Environment

23. Enlightenment 400 The best statement of laissez-faire was made in 1776 by Adam Smith

24. Enlightenment 500 Which is the most characteristic of Voltaire’s ideas? Empiricism and religious toleration are to be celebrated

25. French Revolution100 What best describes the French Third Estate prior to the revolution? The non-noble, nonclerical section of the Estates-General

26. French Revolution 200 The calling of the Estates-General in France by King Louis XVI in 1789 was the direct result of The failure of the Assembly of Notables to endorse the monarch’s program of tax reform

27. French Revolution 300 The French Reign of Terror is most closely associated with the Establishment of the Committee of Public Safety

28. French Revolution 400 The armies of revolutionary France enjoyed which of the following advantages over the armies of the major European monarchs? Greater patriotism and morale

29. French Revolution 500 The cahiers de doleances called for Abolishing the fiscal privileges of the church and nobility.

30. Strengthening of internal Church discipline FINAL JEOPARDY! Reformation FINAL JEOPARDY! Reformation The most important goal of the Council of Trent was the