1. Chapter 7: Motivation Concepts
Kieara Hall

2. Learning Objectives Describe the three key elements of motivation.
Identify early theories of motivation and evaluate their applicability today.
Apply the predictions of self-determination theory to intrinsic and extrinsic rewards.
Compare and contrast goal- setting theory and management by objectives.
Contrast reinforcement theory and goal-setting theory.
Demonstrate how organization justice is a refinement of equity theory.
Apply the key tenets of expectancy theory to motivating employees.
Compare contemporary theories of motivation.
Show how motivation theories are culture bound.

3. Early Theories of Motivation
Motivation- The processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.
Hierarchy of Needs Theory by Abraham Maslow
Theory X and Theory Y
Douglas McGregor
Two-Factor Theory
Motivation-hygiene theory
Frederick Herzberg
Hygiene Factors
McClelland’s Theory of Needs
Need for achievement (nAch), power (nPow), and affiliation (nAff)

4. Contemporary Theories of Motivation
Early theories of motivation either have not held up under close examination or have fallen out of favor
Contemporary theories have one thing in common: Reasonable degree of valid supporting documentation
Represent current state of thinking

5. 5 Contemporary Theories of Motiation
Self Determination and Cognitive Evaluation
Goal Setting
Reinforcement
Equity/ Organizational Justice
Expectancy