1. Ellie Tsang Josiah Wong Ruben Cole Marilynn Pascual Cailin O’Sullivan

2. Historical Context  Harriet Beecher Stowe's(1811-1896) anti-slavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin: Or life among the Lowly, sold over 300,000 of copies during it's first year of publication (1852). Intended Audience  Harriet Beecher Stowe's knew her primarily audience would be women. So specifically she targeted Northern white women since they could help with the Abolitionist movement.

3. Purpose  The author introduces her audience with a scene that seemed realistic with her characters who had a "Talk of the abuses of slavery!" (2) Along as she also expresses herself being against slavery by having her characters mention "Humbug! The thing itself is the essence of all abuse!"(2)  Rather than the fact the author demonstrates how slave lives in the south were so abusive she also gave recognition specifically towards women, how women were being sexually abused which demonstrates the foible type of authority along with the slave owners morals in the south upon the time.  “Harriet Beecher Stowe pinpointed the sexual abuse of women as profound moral failing of the slave regime.”(Henretta 370)

4. Point of View  Harriet Beecher Stowe writes a story about how a black family gets torn apart once their child gets to a certain age. That boy is then sold into slavery. o Quashy does all of the work, earns all of the money while his master spends it all. o The master makes Quashy lie down over puddles so the master can walk on “dry-shod” o Saint Clare is a white boy that had the face as perfect as a Greek statue. o Believes that he has been giving everything but he doesn’t want to be handed everything in life; he wants to work for it. o Saint Clare believes the North is more horrible because they do not do anything about slavery in the South. o Believe human virtue is trash because slavery exists o He had fallen on democratic terms and embraced the democratic party.

5. Historical Context Random info  Mary Henderson Eastman published her work in 1852  Plantation fiction novel  Most read anti-Tom novel in American literature  Over 20,000 copies sold About the Author  Born in Warrenton, Virginia to a family of the elite planter class  Descendants of the First Families of Virginia  Grew up in a slaveholding society

6. Plot o Setting: rural town in Virginia o Relies on cotton trade for its economy o Masters treat slaves in a kinder, peaceful manner o Maintains balance and ensures safety of townspeople o Represents slave as loyal to masters with feelings of happiness Two characters  Arthur Weston o Abolitionist critic o Pro-slavery  Able Johnson o Neutral o Slightly sympathetic towards slaves

7. Audience  Eastman’s audience is primarily focused on anyone who have read and reacted to Stowe’s “Uncle’s Tom Cabin” primarily directed to northerners, republicans, and abolitionists in response to Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Her Novel countered those made in Stowe’s novel and reformed their perceptions of slavery.

8. Point of View  In 1852, Mary Henderson Eastman in her novel “Aunt Philli’s Cabin” reacts and counters Harriet Beecher Stowe’s in “Uncle Tom’s Cabin by comparing and contrasting Stowe’s arguments on how slaveholding is justifiable. Eastman was pro-slavery, her novel was a response to Stowe’s “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” and mostly southerns read and agreed with her perspective.

9. Purpose  Compare and contrast ideas in Uncle Tom’s Cabin o Puts her own interpretation of slavery o South believed that Uncle Tom’s Cabin was inaccurate  Justify slaveholding o Alludes to the Bible  “Those who consider slavery a sin, challenge the truth of the Bible.” –Arthur Weston o Slavery is a natural institution

10. Synthesis  During the Civil War, the Union and the Confederacy used the Bible to justify their position on slavery  Manipulated parts of the Bible to support their arguments  Pro-slavery: "Slaves, obey your earthly masters with fear and trembling" (Ephesians 6:5)  Anti-slavery: “Whoever steals a man and sells him, and anyone found in possession of him, shall be put to death” (Exodus 21:16)

11.  Similar to controversy over gay marriage o “Adam and Eve” (Genesis 2: 19-25) o “Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which God has established. The authorities that exist have been established by God. 2 Consequently, whoever rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves” (Romans 13:1-2)