1. Why can’t we all just get along?
The North and the South
Why can’t we all just get along?

2. How were they so different?
After the War for Independence, several northern states passed laws to abolish slavery
The Southern states chose not to
Many disagreements took place over the issue
Why do you think the South would want to keep a system of slavery in place?

3. Cotton=one Very Important Crop
The cotton gin was
invented in 1793; it
made cotton easier to
produce
Southerners wanted more slaves to work in their cotton fields
The value of cotton is rising-it is in high demand all over the world.
Textile mills in Britain and New England needed more cotton

4. Cotton
Cotton became the South’s most important crop and it was growing it for the entire world!
Plantation owners used the money they were making to buy more land and slaves
Slavery grew
even bigger!

5. The slavery argument rages
The South said that slavery was too important to their economy to give up!
The North said that slavery was slowing the country’s economy
The North thought slavery was unfair and wrong

6. More differences than just slavery
The South’s economy was agricultural and based on farming
The North’s economy was changing as cities grew and factories were being built

7. The Tariff Tiff A tariff is a tax on imported goods
Congress passed high tariffs on goods made outside the U.S. like British textiles
The tariffs were used to help American manufacturing
The taxes greatly helped the North, but not the South
The South was unhappy to have to pay these taxes and not get any benefit from them

8. States’ Rights
John Calhoun, a Southerner started arguing against the tariffs
He believed in states’ rights which is the idea that the states, not the federal government should make decisions
Many Southerners agreed with him

9. Sectionalism Develops
Sectionalism is when one has loyalty to one part of the country
Disagreements over slavery, tariffs, and the issue of states rights led to people caring more about their section of the country rather than the U.S. as a whole

10. Check all the characteristics that match the South:
Factories
Believed in states’ rights
Farming
Many Manufactured goods
Many slaves

11. Check all the characteristics that match the North:
Big city life
Plantations
Cotton growing
Supported the tariffs
Against slavery

12. Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet Beecher Stowe was against the Fugitive Slave Law
Stowe was a writer from New England
She wrote a story describing the cruelty of slavery and how slavery was not just a Southern problem, but a national problem
Her book, Uncle Tom’s Cabin convinced many northerners that slavery was wrong
The Southerners thought that Stowe’s picture of slavery was wrong
The book was another source of disagreement between the North and the South

14. John Brown’s Raid
An abolitionist named John Brown took matters into his own hands
He tried to start a rebellion against slavery by attacking a US Army post at Harper’s Ferry, VA.
Soldiers captured Brown and his group
Brown was taken to trial, found guilty, and was hanged
The North saw Brown as a hero!

16. A Country Divided The conflict bet. the North and the South worsens
People in the South were worried that the abolitionists were trying to start a slave rebellion
Some Southerners believed that secession was the only way to protect their way of life
Secession is when part of a country leaves and breaks off from the rest

17. Lincoln’s Election In 1860, the country elected a newpresident
The Democratic Party was split between 2 candidates
The Republican Party chose Abraham Lincoln as their candidate
Lincoln has support in the North, but very little in the South

18. A New President
Lincoln won the election overall, but did not win in one Southern state
The South was upset and thought that the federal gov’t was growing too strong and Lincoln would try to end all slavery
They believed the succession was the only way to protect their rights

19. The South starts to secede
South Carolina withdrew first followed by 6 other Southern states
Delegates from the 7 states met and decided to form their own confederation in which the states would have more power than the central gov’t
These states called themselves the Confederate States of America or the Confederacy

20. Two Presidents
The Confederacy decided to elect Jefferson Davis as President
Meanwhile, President Lincoln just wanted to keep the country together, but it was too late
In Charleston, SC the state militia had surrounded Fort Sumter, a federal fort with US soldiers inside

21. Fort Sumter The Confederacy wanted control of the fort
The fort remained in union hands, but were running out of supplies
If supplies were not sent soon, then they would have to surrender
Lincoln wanted to keep control of Fort Sumter, so he sent more supplies

22. The start of a war
Davis made the decision to attack the fort before the supplies arrived
Confederate leaders saw the refusal to surrender the fort as an act of war
The Union troops ran out of supplies and were forced to surrender
The Civil War has begun
A civil war is a war between two groups in the same nation

24. The following causes contributed to the start of the Civil War:
Disagreement over States’ rights
Disagreement over slavery
Disagreement over tariffs
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Lincoln’s Election
John Brown’s Raid
The attack on Fort Sumter