1. Enlightenment Ideas and the US Constitution

2. John Locke Enlightenment Idea  A government’s power comes from he consent of the People  “Life, Liberty and Property” Effect on the U.S.  DOI: “We the People Of the United States”  DOI: “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness”  Representative Government  Limits on Power of Government

3. Montesquieu Enlightenment Idea  Separation of Powers within Government Effect on the US  Federal System of Government  Powers divided among three branches  System of Checks and Balances

4. Rousseau Enlightenment Idea  Direct Democracy Effect on the US  Public Election of President (sort of) and Congressional Representatives

5. Voltaire Enlightenment Idea  Free Speech  Religious Toleration Effect on the US  1 st Amendment: The right to Free Speech and exercise of Religion

6. Beccaria Enlightenment Idea  Justice to Preserve Order, (not to get revenge)  Accused have rights  Torture is bad  Speedy Trial Effect on the US  6 th Amendment: Right to a Speedy and Public Trial by an Impartial Jury  8 th Amendment: Bans “Cruel and Unusual Punishment” (a.k.a. Torture)

7. Who’s Missing?  Wollstonecraft