1. Latino Activism --Why study? --a.) Led to the creation of university and college Programs & Departments such as UWM’s Spanish Speaking Outreach Institute [SSOI], thereafter re- named the Roberto Hernandez Center, RHC.

2. Latino Activism --Why study? --b.) Led to a generation of university & college scholars that embarked on a variety of academic & research pursuits that currently form the basis for much of what we learn and teach.

3. Latino Activism --Why study? --c.) Chicano Studies and thereafter, Latino Studies, are rooted on the community activism that led to their creation—therefore community engagement and/or empowerment is central to our understanding of this discipline.

4. Latino Activism --Goals: --a.) Essentially, to assure the incorporation of the history, contributions, and aspirations of a group of Americans that heretofore had not been part of the `American Experience’--what did the “American Dream” mean to us?.

5. Latino Activism --Goals: --b.) To contribute to the empowerment of our community: principally through educational attainment, political involvement, economic development/opportunity, artistic expression, and overall community wellbeing.

6. Latino Activism --Goals: --c.) To engage with the broader community in a manner that allowed for mutual respect, appreciation, understanding, and eventual acceptance, but done under terms that did NOT subjugate either one from full expression and fulfillment.

7. Latino Activism --Today’s Issues: a.) Immigration Reform --Comprehensive Reform --DREAM Act --DACA --Secure Communities --Deportations

8. Latino Activism --Today’s Issues: b.) Education --Quality of K-12, dropouts --Content--Tucson, AZ --Cost of Higher Education --Scale/size of K-12 schools --In-State Tuition --Segregation

9. Latino Activism --Today’s Issues: c.) Political Engagement --Electing Latino officials --Increasing power --Key electoral states --Becoming citizens --Voting, lack off

10. Latino Activism --Today’s Issues: d.) Discrimination/Exclusion --Lack of presence in Pop culture --Language vs. skin color --Intra-Latino conflicts --Not Black/White paradigm --Threat to Affirmative Action

11. Latino Activism The nation’s immigration debate and the treatment of immigrants is, in many ways, our country’s new civil rights debate. This is particularly true for our nation’s Latinos that are NOT undocumented, for negative perceptions/treatment of undocumented individuals percolates onto ALL Latinos.

12. Latino Activism There is a re-emergence of Chicanismo in our nation, for the social conditions that existed in the 60s, are again prevalent, though in a different form(s). More students are choosing Chicano Studies majors and there are more colleges/universities offering Chicano Studies programs.

13. Latino Activism Today’s activism cannot compare to activism of the 60s & 70s, for social status of Latinos is in many ways different today…the role of social media can and is very important for `community organizing’…still, the central `spark’ for activism is that individuals have to have/feel passionate about something in the lives-- make our life experience better.