1. WHAP Comparative Essay

2. Part C (Suggested planning and writing time – 35 minutes) Percent of Section score – 33 1/3 Directions: You are to answer the following question. You should spend 5 minutes organizing or outlining your essay. Write an essay that: Has a relevant thesis and supports that thesis with appropriate historical evidence. Addresses all parts of the question. Makes direct relevant comparisons. Analyzes relevant reasons for similarities and differences. These directions are the same for EVERY comparative essay.DIRECTIONS

3. The five (5) scoring areas only TH – Thesis ATQ – Addresses all parts of The Question EV – Evidence (9 for 2 points, 6 for 1 point) DC – Direct Comparison A – Analysis of a Direct Comparison CORE RUBRIC

4. Compare the goals and outcomes of the revolutionary process in TWO of the following countries, beginning with the dates specified. Mexico1910 China1911 Russia1917 You need to do this verb: compare ‒ Similarities AND differences  2 SIMS + 1 DIFF  1 SIM + 2 DIFFs You need to compare TWO nouns ‒ Goals ‒ Outcomes You need to verb this noun ‒ Revolutionary process--not just the revolutions but the process of revolutions PROMPT or “QUESTION”

5. Use the Target the Prompt chart to make sure you unpack the nouns and verbs with no mistake. TARGET & BRAINSTORM MexicoChinaRussia Goals  Overthrow the elite  End foreign economic control  nationalism  Overthrow monarch  Republican form of government  Nationalism  Overthrown monarch  Set up communist government or republic (depending on the group) Outcomes  Redistributed land to peasants  Oil was nationalized  Continued influence from others (U.S.)  Continued pressure from outside forces and ideas (Japan, West, Marxism) keeps area in unrest  Civil War in 1949 leads to Communist state  Bolsheviks seize power after civil war with whites  Totalitarian government  Communism Revolutiona ry Process  Peasants…something… Diaz  Pancho Villa leads to US coming to Mexico  Overthrow of monarch  1st wants western-style democracy—Sun Yat-Sen  Republic declared  Long March  Civil War between Mao Zedong and Chiang kai-shek  Ends in communist-totalitarian state  Overthrow of monarch  Republic (provisional government)  Civil war leads to rise of communism/totalitarian dictatorship  Tries to spread revolution (3rd international) Other Facts  U.S. interferes a lot  NAFTA now?  Cultural revolution—anti-west  Tiananmen Square  Censorship to control western contact Which two do I have the most evidence for? What are the SIMs and DIFFs? What are REASONS for SIMs and DIFFs? Brainstorm to figure out which two regions are best for your essay.

6. THESIS (TH) MUST State the regions State the time period State the topic(s) Include 3 comparisons 2 SIMs + 1 DIFF 1 SIM + 2 DIFFs Use comparative cues COMMON FORMULA While/Although/Despite… A + B were similar, A was THIS, but B was THAT.

7. MUST NNNNOTS NO VAGUE TIME: back in the day, long ago, in ancient times,... NO VAGUE NOUNS: things, stuff, aspects, ways, they/them/ their, the people,… NO VAGUE QUALIFIERS: lots, a lot, many, really, huge, very, like omg totally NO ABSOLUTES: never, always, only NO EMPTY LANGUAGE: I think, I’m going to tell you, In this essay I will… THESIS (TH) MUST Be historically accurate Be specific with concrete details Be clear, getting straight to the point with firm diction COMMON FORMULA While/Although/Despite… A + B were similar, A was THIS, but B was THAT.

8. If you state it in your thesis, you must address it in the essay. Only say in your essay what you can tie back to your thesis. THESIS (TH) MUST Be focused Place at beginning or end Be historically accurate Argue ‒ Someone should be able to argue an alternate position ‒ Think opening statement a lawyer makes to defend his case COMMON FORMULA While/Although/Despite… A + B were similar, A was THIS, but B was THAT.

9. MUST NNNNOTS No extra anything in the intro—no hook, no backstory—just drop the THESIS and go. No POV 1: we can see that, when we study, our understanding of… No POV 2: don’t use “you” at all. At all. No rhetorical questions. Do not answer a question as your thesis. No listicles: do not turn your thesis into a list. And while we’re on it, don’t turn your essay into a listicle either. THESIS (TH) MUST May need to be changed. If so, make the change! ‒ When you finish your essay, reread with your thesis in mind ‒ If your thesis needs to be tweaked, make any changes necessary Some people “write their way” to their thesis— writing it last instead of first. Nae problem. Do what works for you.

10. Compare the formation of empires in any two classical civilizations: the MediterraneanSouth AsiaEast Asia While both the classical Roman and Han empires centralized power and militarily expanded their frontiers, the Roman Empire did not utilize a political philosophy to structure and rule their empire while the Han Emperors used a blend of Legalism and Confucianism. Thesis Musts Regions specified ‒ Mediterranean (Rome) ‒ East Asia (Han) ‒ Analyzing only one civilization within a region is perfectly acceptable. THESIS EXAMPLE: REGIONS

11. Compare the formation of empires in any two classical civilizations: the MediterraneanSouth AsiaEast Asia While both the classical Roman and Han empires centralized power and militarily expanded their frontiers, the Roman Empire did not utilize a political philosophy to structure and rule their empire while the Han Emperors used a blend of Legalism and Confucianism. Thesis Musts Regions specified Time period ‒ Prompt implies time period by specifying the empire formation period and the classical period ‒ Most CB prompts, however, will specify a time period explicitly THESIS EXAMPLE: TIME PERIOD

12. Compare the formation of empires in any two classical civilizations: the MediterraneanSouth AsiaEast Asia While both the classical Roman and Han empires centralized power and militarily expanded their frontiers, the Roman Empire did not utilize a political philosophy to structure and rule their empire while the Han Emperors used a blend of Legalism and Confucianism. Thesis Musts Regions specified Time period Topic specified ‒ Empire-building ‒ Centralizing power and expanding are two ways an empire gets built THESIS EXAMPLE: TOPIC

13. Compare the formation of empires in any two classical civilizations: the MediterraneanSouth AsiaEast Asia While both the classical Roman and Han empires centralized power and militarily expanded their frontiers, the Roman Empire did not utilize a political philosophy to structure and rule their empire while the Han Emperors used a blend of Legalism and Confucianism. Thesis Musts Regions specified Time period Topic specified SIMs (1) and DIMs ‒ Both centralized power ‒ Both expanded militarily THESIS EXAMPLE: SIMs & DIFFs

14. Compare the formation of empires in any two classical civilizations: the MediterraneanSouth AsiaEast Asia While both the classical Roman and Han empires centralized power and militarily expanded their frontiers, the Roman Empire did not utilize a political philosophy to structure and rule their empire while the Han Emperors used a blend of Legalism and Confucianism. Thesis Musts Regions specified Time period Topic specified SIMs and DIFFs (2) ‒ used or didn’t use philosophy as an empire-forming political tool THESIS EXAMPLE: SIMs & DIFFs

15. Compare the formation of empires in any two classical civilizations: the MediterraneanSouth AsiaEast Asia While both the classical Roman and Han empires centralized power and militarily expanded their frontiers, the Roman Empire did not utilize a political philosophy to structure and rule their empire while the Han Emperors used a blend of Legalism and Confucianism. Thesis Musts Regions specified Time period Topic specified SIMs and DIFFs (3 total) Comparative cues ‒ and, both ‒ while THESIS EXAMPLE: COMPARATIVES

16. Compare the formation of empires in any two classical civilizations: the MediterraneanSouth AsiaEast Asia While both the classical Roman and Han empires centralized power and militarily expanded their frontiers, the Roman Empire did not utilize a political philosophy to structure and rule their empire while the Han Emperors used a blend of Legalism and Confucianism. Thesis Musts Regions specified Time period Topic specified SIMs and DIFFs (3 total) Comparative cues THESIS EXAMPLE: ALL TOGETHER

17. ADRESSES THE QUESTION (ATQ) MUST NNNNOTS Address only SIMs and no DIFFs Address only DIFFs and no SIMs MUST Address both SIMs and DIFFs—at least 3 total ‒ 2 SIMs and 1 DIFF ‒ 1 SIM and 2 DIFFs Establish concrete, valid comparisons based on accurate history Crafting your essay around three (3) DCs ensures ATQ points are automatically addressed

18. EVIDENCE (EV) MUST Be real: dates, events, people, laws, monumental architecture, quotes—anything concrete fact that helps to prove the DC, and therefore your THESIS. Be RELEVANT and ACCURATE Follow the “Rule of 3” ‒ 3 bits of evidence supporting each DC ‒ 3 x 3 = 9 ‒ Give 9 specific evidence for full points ‒ Give 6 specific evidence for partial points

19. DIRECT COMPARISON (DC) MUST Establish a concrete, valid comparison of SIM/DIFF based on accurate history using comparative cue glue. ‒ also, as well, both, shared, in addition, like, similarly, too ‒ however, on the other hand, conversely, differently, in contrast, either, neither, in opposition to, unlikely, in contrast to, unlike, while… Create three (3) per essay.

20. DIRECT COMPARISON (DC) DO NOT Settle for comparisons that are indirect, implied, “anti- facts” ‒ i.e., This happened here. This happened there. See the DC chart you already got in class   

21. ANALYSIS (DC-A) MUST Explain the reason for a SIM/DIFF… why w-h-y WHY!?! Explain cause AND effect. Ideally, explain why and then explain why the why. Comparative cue words ‒ because, led to, caused by, affected, impacted, came from, was due to, in order to Avoid circular reasoning—supporting a statement by simply repeating the statement in different or stronger terms. ‒ X is true because of Y. Y is true because of X.

22. Research credits Ms. Jackson’s Teaching Experience The Internet 2,085 Facebooking History Teachers, especially and C. Meier and Stacey Jackson (yep-another Jackson!)