1. Harvard Referencing

2. What today’s session will cover:
Frequently Asked Questions
3 Steps in Referencing
In-Text References
End-Text References
Examples - books, websites
Introduction to the online module on Harvard Referencing
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3. FAQs

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What is Referencing?
Referencing is a method of acknowledging sources of information that you have used in your written work.
The Harvard Referencing system is the method used at Central Institute of Technology.
Stokes 2009
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Why do you reference?
To acknowledge the source of information and ideas of others.
To show the breadth of your research.
To allow the reader to be able to find and verify the information.
Study 2007
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6. When do you have to reference?
If you:
quote (use someone else’s exact words)
paraphrase (convert someone else’s ideas into your own words)
copy (use stats, figures, tables, images, etc)
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7. When do you not need to give references?
References are not required for items of general knowledge or common knowledge.
Common knowledge includes facts that are well known within the community in which they are used.
An example:
Auslan is the sign language of the Australian deaf community.
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8. What if you don’t reference?
Plagiarism is the term used when someone copies another person’s ideas or opinions as their own and doesn’t acknowledge the original source of the information.
Plagiarism, whether deliberate or accidental, is a form of cheating and is not acceptable.
Remember, if you plagiarise in your assignment you may fail 
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9. Where can referencing information be found?
Book
On the title page for the title, author and publisher
On the back of the title page for the place and year of publication
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10. 3 Steps in Referencing

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Step 1
When taking notes for an essay topic, write down all the relevant bibliographic details of your information source. For a book:
author
year of publication
title
edition
publisher
place of publication
Note taking 2007
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Step 2
Insert a brief citation at the appropriate place within the text of your essay where this information is used. Includes: author’s surname, year of publication and page number(s)
Example of an In-Text Reference:
Robinson 2003, p. 142
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Step 3
At the end of your assignment add a list of References or a Bibliography containing your information sources with full citations.
Example of an End-Text Reference:
Robinson, D. 2003, Becoming a translator, nd edn, Routledge, London.
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14. End-Text References

15. General Rules for End-Text References
List references in alphabetical order by author
Where there is no author, use the title
Use italics to indicate titles
Separate each element of the reference with a comma
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Book
author(s) surname and initials
year of publication
title of book (use italics)
edition (if not the first)
publisher
place of publication
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Book with Two Authors
Lee, J. & Buzo, A. 2009, Community language interpreting: a workbook, Federation Press, Annandale, NSW.
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18. Book with Editor
Venuti, L. (ed.) 2004, The translation studies reader, 2nd edn, Routledge, New York.
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Web Page
author’s surname and initials (or sponsor)
year of creation (or update year)
title of web page (use italics)
Retrieved statement, giving month day year
from name of URL (web address)
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20. © Kimberley Interpreting Service
Web Page
Kimberley Interpreting Service, n.d. How to work with Aboriginal interpreters, Retrieved: August 8, 2012, from
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21. PDF from a Website
Queensland Health, 2007, Working with interpreters: guidelines, Retrieved: August 6, 2012, from
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Remember
If you require further assistance with referencing:
Ask at the Library Service Desk
Check out the OIL module on Harvard Referencing on
the library
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Library Homepage:
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References for Images
Note taking, 2007: ClipArt used with permission from Microsoft.
Stokes, N. 2009, Referencing guide: using the Harvard referencing system, Central Institute of Technology, Perth.
Study, 2007: ClipArt used with permission from Microsoft.
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