1. The Birth of Islam Unit 3 PP 3 Chapter 10 sections 1 & 2

2. Arabian Peninsula Before Islam
Cross roads of 3 continents
Africa, Europe and Asia
Trade (Cultural Diffusion)
Religion?
The Ka’aba
Jews and Christians
Nomadic Bedouins
Water and food
conflict

3. The Prophet Muhammad Born in Mecca (570-632)
Orphan at 6, married at 25 to Khadijha (6 kids)
610 vision of the Angel Gabriel
Receives the new religion of Islam from Gabriel
Koran revealed over a period of 23 years

4. A Muslim Community 622 Muhammad forced out of Mecca
The Hijra (Hegira) Why?
From Mecca to Medina
While in Medina he gains followers and wins many battles
630 he returns to Mecca and casts the idols out of the Kaaba
632 Mohammed dies
Sharia Law
Regulates moral conduct (common legal framework

7. Islamic Law No changes or translations to Koran No priests (equality)
Imams
Mohammed is the last and greatest prophet
“People of the book”
Moral code
Gambling, drinking
Rights of women

8. Important Islamic Terminology
Islam v. Muslim
Mosque
Imam
Minaret
Caliph
Jihad
Koran
Ka’aba

9. The Five Pillars of Islam
No god but Allah and Mohammed is his prophet
Charity
Pray 5x a day
Ramadan
The Hajj

10. Chapter 10 section 2 Building a Muslim Empire
Unit 3 PP 4
Chapter 10 section 2
Building a Muslim Empire

11. The Rise of the Caliphate
Caliphs: Abu-Bakr the first Caliph (Father in Law)
Spread the faith by uniting the tribes of the Arabian peninsula
Defeated the Byzantines and the Persians
After the first 4 Caliphs there is a problem!

12. Split in Islam Disagreements continued over the successor to Muhammad
The 4th Caliph Ali assassinated in 661 by the Ummayyads
Division:
Shiite (minority: more radical)
leader should be related to Muhammad
Sunni (majority: more moderate)
Successor should be the most qualified

13. Early success of Islam
Conquered Byzantines, Palastine, Syria, Egypt and Persia
Jihad (Holy War)
The Umayyad Dynasty in control from Damascus
Favored Arabs and military leaders
In 750 The Abbasid Dynasty comes to power (Baghdad)

14. Middle east and North Africa