1. TSB 1 ITU Standardization and its new Environment Stanford University, 23 rd July 2003 by Houlin ZHAO Director Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB) International Telecommunication Union, Geneva Place des Nations - CH-1211 Geneva 20 - Switzerland Tel: +41 22 730 5851Fax: +41 22 730 5853 E-mail: tsbdir@itu.inttsbdir@itu.int ITU Home page address: http://www.itu.inthttp://www.itu.int

2. TSB 2 1837Invention of the first electric telegraph 1844Samuel Morse sent his first public message over a telegraph Iine between Washington and Baltimore 1865Foundation of the International Telegraph Union by twenty States 17 Maywith the adoption of the first Convention. First Telegraph Regulations. 1876Alexander Graham Bell patents his invention of the telephone 1924Paris - Creation of CCIF (International Telephone Consultative Committee) 1925Paris - Creation of CCIT (International Telegraph Consultative Committee) 1927Washington - Creation of the CCIR (Intl. Radio Consultative Committee) 1932Madrid - Plenipotentiary Conference. Telegraph Union changes name to International Telecommunication Union 1947ITU becomes a Specialized Agency of the United Nations 1956Geneva - CCIF and CCIT merged into CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee) 1992Geneva - Plenipotentiary Conference. Creation of 3 Sectors: ITU-T replaces CCITT, ITU-R replaces IFRB, CCIR, and ITU-D replaces TCD ITU Landmarks

3. TSB 3 Structure of the ITU

4. TSB 4 CCITT and ITU-T CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee): 19561st Plenary Assembly 19602nd Plenary AssemblyRed Books 19643rd Plenary AssemblyBlue Books 19684th Plenary AssemblyWhite Books 19725th Plenary AssemblyGreen Books 19766th Plenary AssemblyOrange Books 19807th Plenary AssemblyYellow Books 19848th Plenary AssemblyRed Books 19889th Plenary AssemblyBlue Books ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union - Telecom. Standardization Sector): 1993 1st World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-93), Helsinki 1996 2nd World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-96), Geneva 2000 3rd World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA-2000), Montreal

5. TSB 5 Organizational Structure of ITU-T - Workshop / forum - Focus Group - Joint Group - Project team (13 SGs)

6. TSB 6 Approval of new and revised Recommendations - Sequence of events (TAP)

7. TSB 7 Approved Director’s Notification SG or WP Meeting Edited Text for LC Director’s Announcement and Posting for LC (a) (b) (c) Comment Resolution Edited Text Available Director’s Announcement and Posting SG Meeting (a) (b) Director’s Announcement and Posting for AR (b) 3 weeks 4 weeks LC 3 weeks AR LC: Last Call AR: Additional Review AAP Sequence of Events (extract from Rec. A.8)

8. TSB 8 Best Sellers of ITU-T Recommendations Best selling texts (in the order of sales number from 09/01-01/03): H.323 G.729G.723.1G.707/Y.1322H.263G.711 E.164G.703Q.931G.709/Y.1331G.726G.783 G.704Q.763G.992.1H.245Q.764T.30 H.225.0G.728 Some well-known ITU-T Recommendations: E.190E.212 G.652G.655G.692G.720 G.723 Annex A+diskG.780-series (SDH)G.826 G.957G.982G.990-series (xDSL) H.248H.324 H.450 I.365I.432I.731J.112J.117 M.3010M.3100M.3400 Q.931Q.1700-series (IMT-2000) T.37T.38 V.34V.44 V.59V.90V.92 X.25X.36X.509 X.680-series (ASN.1)X.690 X.840-series Y.1310Y.1540

9. TSB 9 Approval and publication time of Recommendations

10. TSB 10 ITU-T's main work areas Three major items: -IP-related issues -IMT-2000 -Accounting rates Other items: -Multi-media, access networks (xDSL), optical transmission, security, numbering and addressing, inter-operabilities, IPR, etc.

11. TSB 11 ITU-T’s work on voice coding  7 kHz band- wideband (G.722-series)  4 kHz band- analogue  64 kbit/s- PCM, G.711, 1972  32 kbit/s- ADPCM, G.721, 1984  16 kbit/s- G.728, 1992  8 kbit/s- G.729, 1996  4 kbit/s- G.4kbps

12. TSB 12 ITU-T’s work on still picture coding  Classic facsimile (G3, G4)T.4, T.6  B/W still pictures (JBIG)T.82, T.83  Cont. tone colour (JPEG)T.81  (lossless)(JPEG-LS)T.86  (JPEG-2000)T.800

13. TSB 13 ITU-T’s work on moving picture coding  H.261- video coding at n x 64 kbit/s  H.262- generic video and audio coding  H.263- video coding for low bit rates  H.264- improved multimedia video coding

14. TSB 14 Year 9.6 kbit/s 28.8 kbit/s 56.6 kbit/s 128 kbit/s 2 Mbit/s 640 kbit/s 8 Mbit/s 25 Mbit/s 50 Mbit/s 198919972000 Analog modems ISDN HDSL/ ADSL VDSL OPTICAL ACCESS 622 Mbit/s Access network

15. TSB 15 ITU-T’s work on Optical networking  Fully optical networks  Increased bit rates (up to 40 Gbit/s)  Use of multi-wavelength techniques DWDM  Use of optical amplifiers  Interoperability and interconnection  Submarine optically amplified DWDM  Access networks for new high speed services

16. TSB 16 ITU-T’s products for IP-networks  E.164 …  G.707 (SDH), G.709 (OTN), G.722 (7 kHz), G.728 (16 kbit/s), G.729 (8 kbit/s), G.99x (xDSL) …  H.248 (gateway), H.323 (multimedia systems) …  I.365 (FR), I.432 (B-ISDN), I.732 (ATM) …  J.112 (Cable TV), J.16x + J.17x (IPCablecom) …  M.3120 (CORBA for TMN) …  Q.933 (DSS1), Q.1300 (TASC), Q.1930 (BICC), Q.27xx (B-ISDN), Q.29xx (DSS2) …  T.37, T.38 (IPfax), T.12x (multimedia conference) …  V.29 (9.6 K modem), V.34 (34 kbit/s), V.90/V.92 (56 kbit/s) …  X.25, X.75, X.76 (FR), X.85 (IP over SDH), X.86 (Ethernet over LAPS), X.121, X.4xx (MHS), X.5xx (Directory), particularly X.509, X.68x/X.69x (ASN.1), X.8xx (security), X.9xx (ODP) …  Y-series: dedicated to IP and GII  Z.100 (SDL), Z.14x (TTCN), Z.3xx (MM languages) … …

17. TSB 17  Specified IMT-2000 systems and its spectrums  Interworking functions to be used with existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems  Convergence of fixed and existing IMT-2000 systems  New Generation of mobile systems ITU-T’s mobile communications

18. TSB 18 Ensuring global interoperability  Quality of Service (QoS)  Numbering and routing  Security  Tariffs and Accounting rates  Interworking

19. TSB 19 12/2000 Difference 12/2001 Difference 12/2002 Administrations 189- - ROAs 164+15179-9170 SIOs 213+9222-15207 Associates 3+2730+2757 Other Entities 54+15 Other Org. 33+235+136 ITU-T Members

20. TSB 20 Administrations (70/953) Members: 189 ROAs (68/563) Members: 170 SIOs (110/658) Members: 207 Associates (22/39) Members: 57 U.S.A. 150FT 73NTT 49+8AULM 6 China 113DT 43Siemens 41+6+5+4OSS Nokalva 6 U.K. 61China Telecom. Corp. 37Nortel 35+9+9Telekom Srpske 3 Japan 46BT 29Lucent Tech. 30+5+5+1DENIC 2 France 41Swisscom 28 Alcatel 14+10+7+3+2+1 Nominum 2 Germany 38Telekomunikacja Polska 22ETRI 31OFS Fitel 2 Canada 35Telenor AS 19Ericsson 26+2STELEUS 2 Brazil 30KDDI 18Cisco Systems 27Teraburst Networks 2 Italy 29 KT Corporation 15 TILAB 17 Russia 28OTE 15Huawei Tech. 14 Korea (Rep. of) 26Telekom Austria 15NEC 13+1 Switzerland 26AT&T 14Telcordia Tech. 14 Hungary 20BELGACOM 12Nokia 13 Total: 643 (67%)Total: 340 (60%)Total: 402 (61%)Total: 25 (64%) Top Members participation (2002)

21. TSB 21 -ITU-T work is shared by Governments and Industry Members (service providers and telecom equipment vendors) - Individual Industry Memberships in ITU Sectors - 13 out of 14 Study Group Chairmen (including TSAG) appointed are from Sector Members -Classic telecom members (to attract new IT Members) -Director’s Informal Consultation meeting (with Industries) known as “Martigny meetings”, twice: Feb. 2000 and Feb. 2001 -Key point of ITU Reform: Industry Members’ rights and duties (partnership) Industry Members’ role

22. TSB 22 Budget SDO Membership fees Note Annual fee (US$) (25,000,000 $) 40,000,000 SFr ITU-T Minimum mandatory Other optional ½ unit (31,500 SFr)20,000 20,275,000 $ (21,909,000 Euros) ETSI Mandatory according to turnover 45 units (5,000 Euros/unit)211,050 IETF Depending on participation 350 $/500 $ per meeting per person, 3 meetings per year 1050/1500 x ? 1,200,000 $ ECMAMandatory $ 42,000 / $ 18, 000 / $ 10,000 standards free 42,000 (18,300,000 $) 29,305,000 SFr ISO Through national members Shared by national members (five big members pay 9% of the budget) (individual company up to 50,000) (11,900,000 $) 19,000,000 SFr IEC (4,456,200 Euros) 4,000,000 $ 3GPPShared by 6 SDOs Average 500,000/SDO 1,840,000 $ 3GPP2Shared by 5 SDOs Average 360,000/SDO W3CMandatory50,000 $ / 5,000 $, standards free50,000 IEEEMandatory5,000 2,870,000 $ ATMMandatory + meeting fees$ 14,000/5,000/3,500/1,500, $ 250/275 per meeting 4 meetings/year, standards free 14,000+1,000/1,100 x? Company’s dues to SDOs (ITU-T Associates = US $ 6,000) (Some SDOs receive secretariat support from their members; such expenditures are not counted in the budget.)

23. TSB 23 Intergovernment ITU (ITU-T and ITU-R) NGOs ISO, IEC ….. Forums / Consortia / SDOs 1394TA3G.IP3GPP3GPP2AIMAMF AMI-CAOEMAAOWARIBATM ForumBINTERMS BluetoothCable ModemsCBOPCDGCIFCII CommerceNetCommerceNet J Committee T1COSCPR CTFJ DHFDISADOPGDSL ForumECEECHONET ECMAECOMECTFEDIFICEEDSEEMA EIDXEMAEMFERTICOETSIEWOS FCIAFCIA-JFIPAFRFFS-VDSLFSAN GSM Assoc.HNFHome APIHomePNAHRFWGIDB Forum IEEEIETFIFIPIFSAIMTCIMWA IPv6IrDAITS AmericaITS UKJAVAJCTEA JECALSJEDICJEMAJICSAPJIMMJMF LONMARKMCPCMDG.orgMITFMMCFMobile Web MOPAMPLS ForumMSFMWIFOASISODVA OIFOMGOSGiPCCAPCISIGPCMCIA PHS MoUPICMGPKIPOFSalutationSCF SCTESDL ForumSDRSSIPGSTATIA TINA-CTM ForumTOGTSCTTATTC UMTSUSBIFUWCCW3CWAPWDF Web 3DWfMCWIN ForumWLIFXTP Forum ITU positioning ………

24. TSB 24 ISO, IEC, ISO/IEC JTC 1 cooperation since the 1970s; common texts since 1992 WTSA-2000 Resolution 7, Recommendation A.23 World Standards Cooperation (WSC) IETF ITU-T Member since 1995 Joint management team meetings in 11/99 and 08/01 ETSI ITU-T Member since early 1990s MoU cooperation in June 2000 ISO, IEC, UN/ECE MoU on e-business in March 2000 GSC (Global Standards Collaboration): Since March 1994 TTA, TTC, ARIB, ETSI, T1, TIA, TSACC, ACIF, ITU ITU-T coordination with SDOs

25. TSB 25 Cooperation with IETF/IAB  Good cooperation between ITU-T and IETF started in 1997, good results for T.37, T.38, H.248, etc.  My presentation at the IETF-45 Plenary (1999) warmly welcomed  Joint meeting of ITU-T SG Chairs and IETF Area Directors: 1 st meeting: Washington, D.C., 7 November '99 (30 participants) 2 nd meeting: London, 5 August 2001 (30 participants)  Joint meeting with IAB, London, 5 August, 2001 (20 participants)

26. TSB 26  IETF protocol defined in RFC 2916 For example: +44 1206 762335  5.3.3.2.6.7.6.0.2.1.4.4.e164.TLD  Define and implement administrative procedures that coordinate delegations of E.164 numbering resources into the agreed DNS name servers  Director of TSB, on behalf of Administrations, to control the implementation of ENUM under e164.arpa on a trial basis, while the registering is done by RIPE NCC ITU-T Responsibilities regarding ENUM

27. TSB 27  ITU-T Rec. A. 4: communication with forums and consortia  ITU-T Rec. A. 5: referencing documents of other organizations in ITU-T Recommendations  ITU-T Rec. A. 6: cooperation and exchange of information with SDOs  Informal Forum Summit convened by the Director of TSB (Geneva, December 3-4, 2001)  Invitation to the 2 nd Informal Forum Summit by the Director of TSB (San Francisco, July 24-25, 2003) ITU-T Cooperation with forums / consortia / SDOs

28. TSB 28 A.4A.5 A.6 ASN.1 ConsortiumARIB (Association of Radio Industries and Businesses)ARIB ATM Forum Committee T1 DSL ForumCommittee T1CWTS ETIS (e-and telecommunication info. services) CWTS (China Wireless Telecommunication Standard Group)ECMA FRF (Frame Relay Forum)DSL ForumETSI IMTC (Multimedia)ECMA Standardizing Information & Communication SystemsIEEE IPDR OrganizationETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)JCTEA IPv6 ForumFRFNIST MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) ForumIEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)SCTE MSF (Multiservice Switching Forum)ISOC/IETF (Internet Society/Internet Engineering Task Force)TIA OASISJCTEA (Japan Cable Television Engineering Association)TTA OIF (Optical Internetworking Forum)MPLS ForumTTC OMG (Object Management Group)NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) SDL Forum SocietyOASIS TM Forum (Tele Management Forum)OIF W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)OMG SCTE (Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers) TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) TM Forum TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association) TTC (Telecommunication Technology Committee) W3C Members for Rec. A.4, A.5 and A.6 relationship

29. TSB 29  Cooperation on common subjects (liaisons, communications, mutual participation)  Cooperation on workshops  ITU-T provide draft texts and other documents to SDOs to post for public consultation  ITU’s permission for SDOs to reproduce ITU-T texts  More to be done for mutual benefit: market study, joint promotion, mutual reference, joint conferences, efficient coordination, common IPR policy, etc.  FS-VDSL Forum becomes ITU-T SG 16 Focus Group Cooperation activities with SDOs (General)

30. TSB 30  Some forums become A.4 members of ITU-T  FS-VDSL Forum becomes a Focus Group of ITU-T SG 16  Another Forum is considering becoming a Focus Group of ITU-T  Home page connections for ITU-T and Forums/Consortia  ITU-T SG 16 management member be included in the Forum leadership  New approaches… TO COOPERATE and WORK TOGETHER! New relationships between Forums/Consortia and ITU-T

31. TSB 31  ITU is looking for an increased involvement of universities in its activities  MoU between Waseda University and ITU on a partnership on training in Asia-Pacific area, signed in August 2001  Waseda University, Japan, is an Associate of ITU-T SG 16. Mr. Matsumoto of Waseda University is a Vice Chairman of SG 16  University of Chile organized a SG meeting in May 1999  Free web downloads of ITU Recommendations offered by ITU received an enthusiastic reaction from students (20% of free access used by students)  Low charges to university libraries for ITU products ITU and Universities

32. TSB 32  “Consensus: after WTSA-2000, the ITU-T procedures are now very streamlined and efficient so that any perception of slowness can no longer be attributed to the ITU-T methods…”  “fully recognized that Sector Members have a significant leadership role in the ITU-T technical standardization activities…”  “ITU-T is and should remain the unique worldwide venue for industry and governments to work together in developing, providing and promoting global consensus-based telecommunication requirements and standards for the Information Society”  Welcome you in ITU-T! ********** Industry Views on ITU-T Martigny, February 2001