1. Chapter 8 Section 3 Italy & Germany Unite
Nationalism’s effect on Europe
Cavour Unites Italy
Bismarck Unites Germany

2. Nationalism’s effect on Europe
Nationalism: people should be loyal to their nation; or to the people they share common culture with

3. Nationalism’s effect on Europe
Effects on Europe:
Break up of Austrian Empire
Nationalism deputes cause tension
A loss in the Austro-Prussian war
Hungarians want a separate nation
2 nations, 1 Emperor
Russia’s Empire Crumbles
More than 12 different ethnic groups rule by the Czars
Russification: forcing Russian culture on the people of the empire
This policy strengthened ethnic feelings
Czar will give up his power in 1917

4. Nationalism’s effect on Europe
The Ottoman Empire Weakens
Tensions among the 6 ethnic groups cause problems for the empire
1856: equal citizenship increases anti-ethnic feelings among the Turks
Massacre and deportation of Armenians from 1894 to 1896
The Ottoman Empire breaks apart after WWI

5. Cavour Unites Italy
Piedmont-Sardinia was the largest & most powerful Italian kingdom
Liberal constitution
King Victor Emmanuel II
Count Camillio di Cavour appointed PM
Gains control of northern Italy with help from France
Giuseppe Garibaldi “The Red Shirt”
Takes Sicily
Gains control of southern Italy
Agrees to unite the north & south under control of Victor Emmanuel II

6. Camillo di Cavour
Giuseppe Garibaldi
King
Victor Emmanuel II

7. United Italy, 1861

8. Unification of Germany
Prussia was the most powerful kingdom in Germany
Strong nationalist feelings helped unify the people in Prussia
Very powerful army
Wilhelm I appointed Otto von Bismarck as PM
A powerful Junker: a wealthy, conservative landowner
Bismarck was a master of realpolitik: tough power politics, with no room for idealism
Bismarck uses war to increase national pride
Defeats Denmark, gains Schleswig
Defeats Austria, gains Holstein & gave Venetia to Italy

9. Unification of Germany con’t
Bismarck created incidents with France
He forces France into a war
The Franco-Prussian War
The Prussian army swept into France & took 83,000 POWs
German nationalism was now at its highest
Wilhelm I was crown Kaiser Wilhelm I emperor of Germany
Otto von Bismarck

10. German Empire, 1871