1. Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the West 1789-1900
Chapter 24
Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the West

2. Revolutions Disrupt Europe
Section 2
Revolutions
Disrupt Europe
AIM: Liberal and nationalist uprisings challenged the old conservative order of Europe

3. Nationalism Changes Europe
Congress of Vienna attempted to restore Europe like it was before the French Revolution.

4. Nationalism Changes Europe
Three forces struggled for supremacy in Europe.
Conservatives (traditional monarchies)
Liberals (elected parliaments run by the educated landowners)
Radicals (democracy)

5. Nationalism Changes Europe
Competing ideals of French Revolution and Congress of Vienna caused Revolutions of 1830 and 1848

6. Nationalism Italy and Germany
SECTION 3
Nationalism Italy and Germany
AIM: The force of nationalism contributed to the formation of two new nations and a new political order in Europe

8. Ideal of Nationalism Nationalism pride and devotion to one’s nation
fueled efforts to build nation-states
Loyalty is to the people and not to the kings or queens
A number of links bound a people together as a nation
chart on pg. 688

9. Nationalism Shakes Aging Empires
Nationalism worked as a force for disunity, shaking old empires, but also for unity which helped in the development of the nation-states of today
Ex. Austro-Hungarian Empire, Russian Empire, Ottoman Empire

10. Cavour Unites Italy
After the Congress of Vienna – Italy was ruled by many foreign rulers – (Austria and the Spanish Bourbon family)
In 1852, Sardinia's King named Camillo di Cavour as his prime minister

11. Cavour Unites Italy
He began to unify Italy by trying to expel Austria in the north with the help of France

12. Cavour Looks South
Cavour secretly started helping nationalist rebels led by Giuseppe Garibaldi
Garibaldi would lead a group known as the Red Shirts

13. Cavour Looks South
Garibaldi will successfully unite the southern parts of Italy leaving the Papal States as the last remaining area needed to unite

14. The Rise of Prussia
Since 1815, 39 German states (German Confederation) was dominated by Austria-Hungary and Prussia.

15. The Rise of Prussia
Prussia’s Kaiser Wilhelm I saw parliament as a threat and with the support of Junkers (Prussia’s wealthy landowners) named Otto von Bismarck prime minister
Bismarck was a master of realpolitik “the politics of reality”

16. German Unification
He then eliminates Austria in the Seven Weeks’ War to gain control of northern Germany = both eastern and western parts of the Prussian kingdom were now joined!

17. German Unification
With southern Prussia remaining non-unified Bismarck will force France into the Franco-Prussian War (1870) making Kaiser Wilhelm I emperor of the Second Reich.