1. Uniting Nations – by force History 104 / March 6, 2013

2. Napoleon III’s adventures

3. Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico, 1864-67 (painting by E. Degas)

4. The Boulevards of Paris

5. Creating the Boulevards

6. Count Camillo di Cavour Prime Minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, 1852-1861

7. Victor Emanuel II King of Piedmont- Sardinia, 1849-1861 King of Italy, 1861-1878

8. Where is Piedmont- Sardinia? (in salmon)

9. France and Piedmont at war with Austria, 1859

10. Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882)

12. The German customs union (1834) under Prussian domination

13. Otto von Bismarck Chancellor of Prussia, 1862-1890 Chancellor of the German Empire, 1871-1890

14. Wilhelm I King of Prussia, 1861-1888 German Emperor, 1871-1888

15. Three wars in seven years 1. Austria & Prussia vs. Denmark, 1864

16. 2. Prussia vs. Austria and a coalition of smaller German states, 1866 The battle of Königgrätz (July 3, 1866)

18. Three wars in seven years 3. The Franco-Prussian War, 1870-71 here: the French surrender at Sedan, Sept. 1, 1870

19. The German Empire proclaimed, Jan. 18, 1871

21. Austria-Hungary after the compromise of 1867 pink = Austrian red = Hungarian

22. Emperor Franz Joseph and his officers: a world of uniforms and elegance?